Duvančić Tomislav, Špiljak Bruno, Ćelap Ivana, Mandušić Nikolina, Lokner Ivica, Lugović-Mihić Liborija
Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 22;14(17):5927. doi: 10.3390/jcm14175927.
Self-reported food allergy is a common concern among adults and often prompts the use of diagnostic allergy testing. However, serum diamine oxidase (DAO) measurement is rarely performed, despite the fact that symptoms of histamine intolerance can closely mimic those of IgE-mediated food allergy. This study aimed to analyze and compare the results of commonly used food allergy tests in relation to serum DAO levels in this patient population. A total of 61 adult patients with self-reported food-related symptoms were enrolled. All participants underwent skin prick testing and serum DAO measurement using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, serum-specific IgE (sIgE) testing was performed in 29 of the 61 patients. DAO levels were compared across groups based on skin prick testing and sIgE results. Fewer than half of the patients had positive test results, 36% for skin prick testing and 38% for sIgE, and 38% showed reduced serum DAO levels. DAO levels did not differ significantly between patients with positive and negative skin prick or sIgE results; however, a slight decrease in DAO was observed in patients with negative sIgE. Patients with negative skin prick tests were significantly older than those with positive results. The majority of adults with self-reported food allergies had negative allergy test results and normal DAO levels. Nevertheless, a considerable proportion showed either positive allergy tests or reduced DAO levels, suggesting the potential role of histamine intolerance. These findings underscore the importance of a detailed pre-test clinical assessment that considers both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms in patients with suspected food-related hypersensitivity.
自我报告的食物过敏是成年人常见的问题，常常促使人们进行诊断性过敏测试。然而，尽管组胺不耐受的症状可能与IgE介导的食物过敏症状极为相似，但血清二胺氧化酶（DAO）检测却很少进行。本研究旨在分析和比较该患者群体中常用食物过敏测试结果与血清DAO水平之间的关系。共有61名自我报告有食物相关症状的成年患者入组。所有参与者均接受了皮肤点刺试验，并使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测血清DAO水平。此外，61名患者中的29名还进行了血清特异性IgE（sIgE）检测。根据皮肤点刺试验和sIgE结果对各组的DAO水平进行比较。不到一半的患者检测结果呈阳性，皮肤点刺试验阳性率为36%，sIgE阳性率为38%，38%的患者血清DAO水平降低。皮肤点刺试验或sIgE结果为阳性和阴性的患者之间，DAO水平无显著差异；然而，sIgE结果为阴性的患者DAO水平略有下降。皮肤点刺试验结果为阴性的患者明显比阳性患者年龄大。大多数自我报告有食物过敏的成年人过敏测试结果为阴性且DAO水平正常。然而，相当一部分人要么过敏测试呈阳性，要么DAO水平降低，这表明组胺不耐受可能起作用。这些发现强调了详细的测试前临床评估的重要性，该评估应考虑疑似食物相关超敏反应患者中IgE介导和非IgE介导的机制。
