Eslammanesh T, Mirshekari A, Dahmardeh N, Ghafari M, Mahmoodi F, Jahantigh M, Mirzaei A R, Fazeli-Nasab B
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Amir al momenin Hospital, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Arch Razi Inst. 2025 Feb 1;80(1):217-224. doi: 10.32592/ARI.2025.80.1.217. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Gastric cancer is the fourth most prevalent form of cancer globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities worldwide. It was responsible for approximately 768,000 deaths. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as short non-coding RNAs, undoubtedly play a central and decisive role in various types of cancer due to their interaction with target genes. Since the discovery of the identity and clinical functions of miRNAs in the past few decades, their potential as therapeutic targets in cancer research has been the focus of extensive study. The present study aims to investigate the role of microRNAs in gastric cancer, focusing on their expression, biogenesis, and potential as therapeutic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as critical regulators of cell proliferation, signaling pathways, and the cell cycle. Furthermore, they have been identified as markers of metastasis in the stomach, liver, and lymph nodes, as well as indicators of response to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of miRNAs in gastric cancer as biomarkers for cancer prognosis. A number of oncogenic clinical trials are currently underway, exploring the use of miRNAs in screening, diagnosis, and drug testing. However, many systematic molecular mechanisms, including a detailed investigation of miRNAs and their expression in gastric cancer, remain to be elucidated. Consequently, in addition to presenting the updated results of recent preclinical studies, researchers have investigated the biogenesis of miRNAs and their expression in cancer cells. It is hoped that the analysis of molecular interaction effects and the identification of target molecules and signaling pathways for miRNAs will contribute to the prevention and treatment of this disease.
胃癌是全球第四大常见癌症类型，也是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。它导致了约76.8万人死亡。微小RNA（miRNA）作为短链非编码RNA，由于其与靶基因的相互作用，无疑在各类癌症中发挥着核心和决定性作用。自过去几十年发现miRNA的特性和临床功能以来，它们作为癌症研究治疗靶点的潜力一直是广泛研究的重点。本研究旨在探讨微小RNA在胃癌中的作用，重点关注其表达、生物合成以及作为治疗生物标志物的潜力。微小RNA（miRNA）已被确定为细胞增殖、信号通路和细胞周期的关键调节因子。此外，它们还被确定为胃癌、肝癌和淋巴结转移的标志物，以及癌症患者化疗反应的指标。大量研究已证明miRNA作为胃癌预后生物标志物的有效性。目前正在进行多项致癌临床试验，探索miRNA在筛查、诊断和药物测试中的应用。然而，许多系统的分子机制，包括对miRNA及其在胃癌中表达的详细研究，仍有待阐明。因此，除了展示近期临床前研究的最新结果外，研究人员还研究了miRNA的生物合成及其在癌细胞中的表达。希望对分子相互作用效应的分析以及对miRNA靶分子和信号通路的识别将有助于这种疾病的预防和治疗。
