Diehl Katharina, Heppe Eline, Vooren Melvin, Cornelisz Ilja, van Klaveren Chris
Amsterdam Center for Learning Analytics, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorstraat 7, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Kentalis Academy, Royal Kentalis, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Eur J Health Econ. 2025 Sep 15. doi: 10.1007/s10198-025-01830-2.
The UN's Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities includes a right to equal work opportunities. People with visual impairments (VI) are targeted by this convention and experience low employment rates. The initial transition from education to labor is a predictor for later labor market participation. Exploiting administrative register data, we identified a graduated subpopulation with VI and matched them to a control group. This paper evaluates (1) group differences in various socio-economic outcomes following graduation, and (2) following initial employment. Following graduation there are fewer transitions into (self-)employment for people with VI and more transitions to disability insurance or social benefits, but similar patterns for unemployment insurance and further education. Scrutinizing subsequent dynamics for those that secured initial employment revealed a greater share of those with VI maintained employment as dominant source of income given there was a change in employment status. However, there are more dynamics recorded for individuals with VI, which may reflect difficulties retaining a job. This group remained overrepresented in disability insurance as well as social benefits. Differences with regards to self-employment, unemployment insurance, further education and the other no income status did not reach significance. In conclusion, this study did not find equal labor market prospects for declarants with VI. The finding that VI declarants face less favorable labor market prospects than their matched counterparts, despite having similar cognitive ability, underscores the need for policies that not only improve their labor market outcomes but also promote greater equality in opportunities to reach the UN convention's ideals.
联合国《残疾人权利公约》包含平等工作机会的权利。视力障碍者受该公约关注且就业率较低。从教育到劳动力市场的初次过渡是后续劳动力市场参与情况的一个预测指标。利用行政登记数据，我们识别出一个有视力障碍的分级亚群体，并将他们与一个对照组进行匹配。本文评估了（1）毕业之后在各种社会经济成果方面的群体差异，以及（2）初次就业之后的差异。毕业之后，视力障碍者进入（自主）就业的过渡较少，而转向残疾保险或社会福利的过渡较多，但在失业保险和继续教育方面情况类似。对那些获得初次就业者的后续动态进行详细审查发现，鉴于就业状况发生了变化，视力障碍者中有更大比例的人将就业维持为主要收入来源。然而，视力障碍者记录的动态变化更多，这可能反映出保住工作存在困难。该群体在残疾保险以及社会福利方面的占比仍然过高。在自主就业、失业保险、继续教育以及其他无收入状况方面的差异不显著。总之，本研究未发现视力障碍申报者有平等的劳动力市场前景。尽管视力障碍申报者与匹配对象认知能力相似，但他们面临的劳动力市场前景比匹配对象更不利，这一发现凸显了不仅要改善他们的劳动力市场成果，还要促进机会平等以实现联合国公约理想的政策的必要性。
