Shin Yun Chan, Shah Shrinath, Sejpal Hailey Manoj, Wang Hongwu
Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2025 Sep 1;19:1575155. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1575155. eCollection 2025.
Sleep, motor balance, and cognitive function are critical for maintaining functional independence in older adults, yet their interrelationships remain poorly understood. This systematic scoping review maps the evidence on pairwise and triadic relationships among these domains in older adults.
Following the JBI Manual for scoping reviews, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase for studies (January 1, 2004-March 1, 2024) involving older adults (≥60 years) that examined sleep, motor balance, and cognition. Covidence facilitated a two-phase screening, selecting studies assessing all three domains. Data on study design, participant characteristics, and outcome measures were extracted, with evidence levels assessed using NHMRC guidelines.
From 1,367 studies, 33 (7 experimental, 26 observational) involving 67,237 older adults were included. Sleep quality showed weak to moderate positive associations with motor balance (e.g., = 0.1-0.3) and cognition, while motor balance confidence was positively linked to cognition. Only one study explored triadic interactions, revealing a significant gap. Effect sizes suggest limited clinical significance in some findings.
Pairwise relationships among sleep, motor balance, and cognition are evident but weak. Longitudinal, multimodal intervention studies are needed to explore triadic interactions and inform integrated interventions.
睡眠、运动平衡和认知功能对于老年人维持功能独立性至关重要，然而它们之间的相互关系仍知之甚少。本系统综述旨在梳理老年人这些领域之间二元和三元关系的证据。
按照JBI循证综述手册，我们检索了PubMed、科学网、CINAHL和Embase数据库中2004年1月1日至2024年3月1日期间涉及60岁及以上老年人的研究，这些研究考察了睡眠、运动平衡和认知。Covidence软件辅助进行两阶段筛选，选取评估所有三个领域的研究。提取研究设计、参与者特征和结局指标的数据，并根据澳大利亚国家卫生与医学研究委员会指南评估证据水平。
从1367项研究中，纳入了33项研究（7项实验性研究，26项观察性研究），涉及67237名老年人。睡眠质量与运动平衡（例如，相关系数 = 0.1 - 0.3）和认知呈弱至中度正相关，而运动平衡信心与认知呈正相关。只有一项研究探讨了三元相互作用，结果显示存在显著差距。效应量表明某些研究结果的临床意义有限。
睡眠、运动平衡和认知之间的二元关系明显但较弱。需要开展纵向、多模式干预研究来探索三元相互作用，并为综合干预提供依据。
