Esquivel-Pedraza Lilly, Fernández-Cuevas Laura, Delgado-Martínez Isianel, Cicero-Casarrubias Alba, Milke-García María Del Pilar, Chang-Bool Eire Mairan, Barragán-Heredia Linda Margarita, Maldonado-Molina Jenny, Rivera-Flores Renata Lucrecia, Yamamoto-Furusho Jesús Kazuo, Domínguez-Cherit Judith, Méndez-Flores Silvia
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Department of Dermatology, Mexico City, Mexico.
Centro Dermatológico "Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua", Mouth Diseases Clinic, Mexico City, Mexico.
Braz Oral Res. 2025 Sep 15;39:e095. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.095. eCollection 2025.
A cross-sectional study was carried out among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in order to determine the frequency of oral mucosal lesions or conditions (OL), as well as to analyze its relationship with some clinical and laboratory parameters. Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data were considered. Statistics included univariate and multivariate analyses. Ninety patients [46 (51.1%) males] were included [median age: 43 years (range 18-79 years)]. UC was diagnosed in 65 (72.2%) patients; CD in 25 (27.8%) patients; and inactive CD was detected in 78 (86.6%) patients. All patients (100%) had OL; fissured tongue was the most frequent finding [68 (75.6%)]. Furred tongue was more common in UC than in CD patients [45 (69.2%) vs. 11(44.0%); p = 0.03]; lower levels of hemoglobin were more often detected in mucosal pallor [(median (Md) =12.1 vs. 14.4g/dL); p = 0.02] than in other OLs. Higher frequency of melanosis was observed when oral rinses were used [37 (71.2%) vs. 15 (28.8%)]; p = 0.03], compared to those who did not use them. A higher risk of varix [OR: = 37.6 (95%CI: 4.7-298.9), p < 0.001], leukoedema [OR: 5.8 (95%CI: 1.4-24.2); p = 0.004], candidosis [OR: 3.9 (95%CI: 1.4-10.6); p = 0.05], fissured tongue [OR: 3.8 (95%CI: 1.2-11.5); p = 0.01], and all infectious processes analyzed collectively [OR: 3.6 (95%CI: 1.3-9.8); p = 0.03], was found in patients older than 45 years than in younger ones. Also, patients with fissured tongue presented a higher risk of having candidosis than those without this condition [OR: 6.1 (95%CI: 2.1-17.5); p = 0.007]. OLs were highly frequently observed in UC and CD patients. Age (> 45 years), low levels of hemoglobin, use of mouthwashes, among other variables, were predictive factors of OL in these patients; thus, their assessment and detection in inflammatory bowel disease should be emphasized.
为了确定口腔黏膜病变或病症（OL）的发生率，并分析其与一些临床和实验室参数的关系，对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和克罗恩病（CD）患者进行了一项横断面研究。研究考虑了流行病学、临床和实验室数据。统计分析包括单变量和多变量分析。纳入了90例患者[46例（51.1%）为男性] [中位年龄：43岁（范围18 - 79岁）]。65例（72.2%）患者诊断为UC；25例（27.8%）患者诊断为CD；78例（86.6%）患者为非活动期CD。所有患者（100%）均有OL；裂纹舌是最常见的表现[68例（75.6%）]。UC患者中舌苔增厚比CD患者更常见[45例（69.2%）对11例（44.0%）；p = 0.03]；黏膜苍白患者血红蛋白水平较低[中位数（Md）=12.1对14.4g/dL；p = 0.02]，比其他OL患者更常见。与未使用口腔冲洗剂的患者相比，使用口腔冲洗剂的患者黑变病发生率更高[37例（71.2%）对15例（28.8%）]；p = 0.03]。45岁以上患者静脉曲张[比值比（OR）：= 37.6（95%置信区间：4.7 - 298.9），p < 0.001]、白色水肿[OR：5.8（95%置信区间：1.4 - 24.2）；p = 0.004]、念珠菌病[OR：3.9（95%置信区间：1.4 - 10.6）；p = 0.05]、裂纹舌[OR：3.8（95%置信区间：1.2 - 11.5）；p = 0.01]以及所有综合分析的感染性疾病[OR：3.6（95%置信区间：1.3 - 9.8）；p = 0.03]的风险均高于45岁以下患者。此外，有裂纹舌的患者患念珠菌病的风险高于无此症状的患者[OR：6.1（95%置信区间：2.1 - 17.5）；p = 0.007]。UC和CD患者中OL的发生率很高。年龄（> 45岁）、低血红蛋白水平、使用漱口水等变量是这些患者OL的预测因素；因此，应强调在炎症性肠病中对其进行评估和检测。
