Cordoba Hilario M, Tokach Mike D, Woodworth Jason C, Gaffield Katelyn N, Goodband Robert D, DeRouchey Joel M, Gebhardt Jordan T, Cemin Henrique S, Soto Jose A
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2025 Jan 4;103. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaf316.
Two studies compared a central composite design (CCD) and a factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of dietary net energy (NE), soybean meal (SBM), and standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys on the growth performance of 11 to 25 kg pigs. Experiment 1 used 4,681 pigs (PIC 337 × 1,050; initially 13.0 kg) in a CCD with approximately 35 pigs per pen and seven blocks, each comprising 19 pens: eight factorial points, six axial points, and a central point replicated five times. Eight diets were formulated to various NE, SBM, and SID Lys concentrations then blended to create the 15 dietary treatments. Net energy ranged from 2,334 to 2,762 kcal/kg, SBM from 25.5% to 35.9%, and SID Lys from 1.08% to 1.52%. Increasing SID Lys quadratically increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F. Increasing SBM linearly increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F. Increasing NE decreased (linear, P < 0.10) ADG due to a reduction in the Lys:NE ratio as NE increased. An SBM × SID Lys interaction (P = 0.082) was observed for G:F, where SID Lys increased G:F with increasing SBM due to decreasing the Lys:CP ratio. In experiment 2, there were 4,336 pigs (PIC 337 × 1,050; initially 10.6 kg) with approximately 34 pigs per pen and eight pens per treatment arranged in a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial. Eight diets with various NE, SBM, and SID Lys levels were blended to create the 16 dietary treatments. Main effects included NE (2,425 or 2,676 kcal/kg), SBM (25.5% or 33.5% of the diet), and SID Lys (1.08%, 1.20%, 1.31%, or 1.43%). There was a tendency (P = 0.063) for three-way interaction for ADG driven by the linear increase (P < 0.001) in ADG as SID Lys increased in diets containing 2,627 kcal NE/kg and 33.5% SBM compared to diets at lower SBM and NE with a higher Lys:NE ratio. A three-way interaction (linear, P = 0.023) was observed for G:F. Increasing SBM increased G:F to a greater extent in low-energy diets than in high-energy diets. Increasing SID Lys resulted in a greater response in high-energy diets than in low-energy diets. Diets containing low SID Lys and NE but high SBM increased G:F compared with low SID Lys, NE, and SBM also contributing to the interaction. Data from experiment 1 predicted results for almost all variables from experiment 2 within ±3% of the observed values. In conclusion, a CCD can provide similar estimates of pig growth performance as a factorial arrangement. In addition, both experiments showed the impact of not maintaining Lys:NE ratios when increasing NE and the benefit in G:F when increasing SBM in the diet.
两项研究比较了中心复合设计（CCD）和析因处理安排，以评估日粮净能（NE）、豆粕（SBM）和标准回肠可消化（SID）赖氨酸对11至25千克猪生长性能的影响。试验1使用4681头猪（PIC 337×1050；初始体重13.0千克），采用中心复合设计，每栏约35头猪，共7个区组，每个区组包含19个栏：8个析因点、6个轴向点和1个中心点，中心点重复5次。配制了8种不同NE、SBM和SID赖氨酸浓度的日粮，然后混合以形成15种日粮处理。净能范围为2334至2762千卡/千克，SBM为25.5%至35.9%，SID赖氨酸为1.08%至1.52%。SID赖氨酸含量呈二次增加时，平均日增重（ADG）和料重比（G:F）呈二次增加（P<0.05）。SBM含量呈线性增加时，ADG和G:F呈线性增加（P<0.05）。随着NE增加，由于赖氨酸:净能比值降低，ADG呈线性下降（P<0.10）。观察到G:F存在SBM×SID赖氨酸互作（P=0.082），即随着SBM增加，由于赖氨酸:粗蛋白比值降低，SID赖氨酸使G:F增加。在试验2中，有4336头猪（PIC 337×1050；初始体重10.6千克），每栏约34头猪，每个处理8个栏，采用2×2×4析因设计。混合8种不同NE、SBM和SID赖氨酸水平的日粮，以形成16种日粮处理。主要因素包括NE（2425或2676千卡/千克）、SBM（占日粮的25.5%或33.5%）和SID赖氨酸（1.08%、1.20%、1.31%或1.43%）。在含2627千卡NE/千克和33.5%SBM的日粮中，随着SID赖氨酸增加，ADG呈线性增加（P<0.001），相比赖氨酸:净能比值更高但SBM和NE含量更低的日粮，ADG有出现三因素互作的趋势（P=0.063）。观察到G:F存在三因素互作（线性，P=0.023）。SBM增加时，低能日粮中G:F的增加幅度大于高能日粮。SID赖氨酸增加时，高能日粮中的反应大于低能日粮。与低SID赖氨酸、NE和SBM的日粮相比，含低SID赖氨酸、NE但高SBM的日粮增加了G:F，这也促成了互作。试验1的数据预测了试验2几乎所有变量的结果，预测值与观测值的偏差在±3%以内。总之，中心复合设计能提供与析因安排类似的猪生长性能估计值。此外，两项试验均表明，增加NE时不维持赖氨酸:净能比值的影响，以及日粮中增加SBM对G:F的益处。
