Stanganelli Ignazio, Mora Edoardo, Cantagalli Debora, Magi Serena, Mazzoni Laura, Medri Matelda, Massone Cesare, Melandri Davide, Zamagni Federica, Zanna Ines, Pistore Gianluca, Caini Saverio, Amato Salvatore, De Giorgi Vincenzo, Quaglino Pietro, Pizzichetta Maria Antonietta, Tripepi Giovanni Luigi, Ravaglia Giorgia, Spagnolini Sofia
Dermatology Resident Training Program, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy.
Skin Cancer Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori"-IRST Meldola (FC), 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Curr Oncol. 2025 Sep 18;32(9):522. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32090522.
General practitioners play a crucial role in the early detection and prevention of cutaneous melanoma. However, structured training on skin cancer diagnosis and management is often lacking. This narrative review aims to map the current educational interventions for general practitioners focused on melanoma, assess their methodological approaches and outcomes, and explore the contribution of e-learning and telemedicine in medical education. A comprehensive literature search identified 54 relevant studies published between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2024. Data were extracted and categorized by topics covered, training methodology, interactivity, and clinical outcomes. Training programs varied widely in duration, delivery, and content. Interventions that integrated dermoscopy and interactive methodologies demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact. E-learning, particularly asynchronous models, emerged as a flexible and effective modality, although few studies evaluated long-term retention or clinical practice changes. Educational programs tailored to general practitioners and enriched with dermoscopy and telemedicine tools show promise in improving melanoma detection and care. Structured, interactive, and blended/hybrid learning models should be prioritized to support effective primary and secondary prevention.
全科医生在皮肤黑色素瘤的早期检测和预防中发挥着关键作用。然而,针对皮肤癌诊断和管理的结构化培训往往不足。本叙述性综述旨在梳理当前针对全科医生的、聚焦于黑色素瘤的教育干预措施,评估其方法和结果,并探讨电子学习和远程医疗在医学教育中的作用。一项全面的文献检索确定了1995年1月1日至2024年12月31日期间发表的54项相关研究。数据根据所涵盖的主题、培训方法、互动性和临床结果进行提取和分类。培训项目在时长、授课方式和内容方面差异很大。整合了皮肤镜检查和互动方法的干预措施显示出诊断准确性和临床效果有所提高。电子学习,尤其是异步模式,成为一种灵活有效的方式,尽管很少有研究评估长期记忆或临床实践的变化。为全科医生量身定制并配备皮肤镜检查和远程医疗工具的教育项目有望改善黑色素瘤的检测和护理。应优先采用结构化、互动式和混合式学习模式,以支持有效的一级和二级预防。