Sun Lifeng, Zeng Yuanyuan, Shen Zhengyu, Yue Chongsheng, Yang Yahan, Gao Jia, Zhang Junhao, Yuan Qi, Cha Limei
Biotechnology and Food Engineering Department, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, China.
Chemical Engineering Department, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, China.
J Funct Biomater. 2025 Aug 29;16(9):315. doi: 10.3390/jfb16090315.
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of global mortality. Percutaneous coronary intervention, which involves the placement of stents to restore blood flow in narrowed arteries, is a widely used treatment. However, traditional stents, such as bare metal stents and drug-eluting stents, can lead to long-term complications such as restenosis, inflammation, and thrombosis. Biodegradable metallic vascular stents, with their superior mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility, and gradual degradation in vivo, hold significant potential for the treatment of coronary artery disease. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status and challenges. Firstly, it outlines the design principles and performance evaluation methods for biodegradable stents, which focus on mechanical properties, chemical characteristics, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, it summarizes the material features, degradation mechanisms, and metabolic behavior of three primary biodegradable metals-magnesium alloys, iron alloys, and zinc alloys-and discusses critical issues such as the degradation rate of different alloys and the development of zinc alloys. Finally, based on the current achievements and challenges of studies on biodegradable metal-based stents, this article proposes some optimization strategies and research prospects.
心血管疾病是全球死亡的主要原因。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗是一种广泛应用的治疗方法，该方法涉及放置支架以恢复狭窄动脉中的血流。然而，传统支架，如裸金属支架和药物洗脱支架，可能导致再狭窄、炎症和血栓形成等长期并发症。可生物降解金属血管支架具有优异的机械性能、良好的生物相容性以及在体内逐渐降解的特性，在冠状动脉疾病治疗方面具有巨大潜力。本综述全面概述了当前的研究现状和挑战。首先，概述了可生物降解支架的设计原则和性能评估方法，这些方法侧重于机械性能、化学特性、腐蚀行为和生物相容性。此外，总结了三种主要可生物降解金属——镁合金、铁合金和锌合金的材料特性、降解机制和代谢行为，并讨论了不同合金的降解速率以及锌合金的发展等关键问题。最后，基于当前可生物降解金属基支架研究的成果和挑战，本文提出了一些优化策略和研究前景。
