López-Novo Cynthia, Díaz Pablo, Díaz-Cao José Manuel, Couso-Pérez Seila, García-Dios David, López-Lorenzo Gonzalo, Remesar Susana, Ares-Mazás Elvira, Morrondo Patrocinio, Gómez-Couso Hipólito, Prieto Alberto
Investigación en Sanidad Animal: Galicia (Grupo INVESAGA), Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, Avd. Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Grupo Interdisciplinar en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Inmunobiología Parasitaria y Parasitosis Hídricas (PARAQUASIL), Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Sep 19;15(18):2735. doi: 10.3390/ani15182735.
Neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) is the leading cause of mortality in calves under 30 days old. Although several pathogens are usually involved in outbreaks, most previous research has focused on specific enteropathogens or on the four agents traditionally associated with this syndrome. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of thirteen enteropathogens in 420 diarrhoeic calves under a month of age from north-western Spain and to identify the most frequent co-occurrences. Four diarrhoeagenic pathotypes of , bovine rotavirus A, coronavirus, norovirus, nebovirus and torovirus were identified using qPCR. Presence of spp. was studied using a serum agglutination test. A direct immunofluorescence assay was employed to identify and oo/cysts. oocysts were found by the floatation technique. Our results confirm the co-occurrence of agents in most cases of NCD. A total of 172 pathogen combinations, involving up to seven agents, were identified. Cases involving one or more viral agents and were predominant, maybe because viral immunosuppression facilitates the protozoan life-cycle. The frequent detection of agents typically overlooked in the aetiological diagnosis of NCD suggests that they may play a role in this syndrome and thus should be included in routine diagnostic panels, allowing implementing the most effective control measures.
新生犊牛腹泻（NCD）是30日龄以下犊牛死亡的主要原因。尽管疫情爆发通常涉及多种病原体，但以往大多数研究都集中在特定的肠道病原体或传统上与该综合征相关的四种病原体上。本研究旨在确定西班牙西北部420头1月龄以下腹泻犊牛中13种肠道病原体的流行情况，并确定最常见的共现情况。使用qPCR鉴定了牛轮状病毒A、冠状病毒、诺如病毒、星云病毒和环曲病毒的四种致腹泻病理型。使用血清凝集试验研究了沙门氏菌属的存在情况。采用直接免疫荧光试验鉴定隐孢子虫和贾第虫的卵囊/包囊。通过漂浮技术发现了球虫的卵囊。我们的结果证实了在大多数NCD病例中病原体的共现情况。共鉴定出172种病原体组合，涉及多达七种病原体。涉及一种或多种病毒病原体和沙门氏菌属的病例占主导地位，这可能是因为病毒免疫抑制促进了原生动物的生命周期。在NCD病因诊断中通常被忽视的病原体的频繁检测表明，它们可能在该综合征中起作用，因此应纳入常规诊断检测项目，以便实施最有效的控制措施。
