Sayakova Zaure Z, Kenessary Saltanat A, Zhaksylykova Ainur A, Abdimalik Bagzhan M, Kydyrkhanova Eleonora A, Kamalova Dinara K, Ryskeldina Anara, Ostapchuk Yekaterina O, Budke Christine M, Abdybekova Aida M
Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute LLP, Almaty 050016, Kazakhstan.
National Center for Biotechnology LLP, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
Vet Sci. 2025 Sep 17;12(9):901. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12090901.
Ixodid ticks are vectors of pathogens that cause dangerous infectious and parasitic diseases in animals, leading to reduced productivity and, in some cases, mass mortality. In Kazakhstan, information on tick fauna and their epizootological role in the transmission of hemoparasites is limited. This study aimed to determine the species composition of ixodid ticks parasitizing cattle in the Almaty, Zhambyl, and Turkistan oblasts, and to assess their potential role in the transmission of and spp. A total of 3121 ixodid ticks were collected from cattle, belonging to the genera (86.9%; 2711/3121), (8.5%; 266/3121), (3.2%; 101/3121), and (1.4%; 43/3121). Morphological identification revealed that ticks of the genus , including (31.7%), (27.9%), and (19.6%), were the predominant species. was recorded for the first time in the Almaty and Zhambyl oblasts. Partial sequencing of the gene confirmed the species identification obtained by morphological examination. A total of 113 representative ticks were subjected to DNA extraction for the identification of and species using conventional PCR with primers targeting the and genes, respectively. No spp. were detected in the analyzed tick samples. DNA was identified in seven nymphs of (6.1%) collected in the Zhambyl oblast, and for the first time in Kazakhstan, in one female (0.9%) collected in the Almaty oblast. The overall infection prevalence of was 7.0% (8/113).
硬蜱是病原体的传播媒介，可在动物身上引发危险的传染病和寄生虫病，导致生产力下降，在某些情况下还会造成大规模死亡。在哈萨克斯坦，关于蜱类动物群及其在血液寄生虫传播中的动物流行病学作用的信息有限。本研究旨在确定阿拉木图、江布尔和突厥斯坦州寄生于牛身上的硬蜱种类组成，并评估它们在传播[具体病原体1]和[具体病原体2]中的潜在作用。共从牛身上采集了3121只硬蜱，分属于[蜱属1]（86.9%；2711/3121）、[蜱属2]（8.5%；266/3121）、[蜱属3]（3.2%；101/3121）和[蜱属4]（1.4%；43/3121）。形态学鉴定表明[蜱属1]的蜱，包括[蜱种1]（31.7%）、[蜱种2]（27.9%）和[蜱种3]（19.6%），是主要种类。[蜱种4]在阿拉木图和江布尔州首次被记录。[基因名称]基因的部分测序证实了通过形态学检查获得的物种鉴定结果。共选取113只代表性蜱进行DNA提取，分别使用针对[基因1]和[基因2]的引物通过常规PCR鉴定[具体病原体1]和[具体病原体2]种类。在所分析的蜱样本中未检测到[具体病原体1]种类。在江布尔州采集的7只[蜱属1]若虫（6.1%）中鉴定出了[具体病原体2]DNA，在哈萨克斯坦，还在阿拉木图州采集的1只雌性[蜱属1]（0.9%）中首次鉴定出了[具体病原体2]DNA。[具体病原体2]的总体感染率为7.0%（8/113）。
