Schmader Toni, Croft Alyssa, Scarnier Marchelle, Lickel Brian, Mendes Wendy Berry
University of British Columbia, Canada.
Concordia University Texas, USA.
Group Process Intergroup Relat. 2012 May;15(3):379-392. doi: 10.1177/1368430211426163. Epub 2011 Nov 30.
The present study examined how individual differences in motivation to respond without prejudice predict self-reported negative affect and physiological responses to the prejudicial acts of others. One hundred and one White participants were paired with a Black "partner" and together they watched two White men on film having either a pro- or antidiversity discussion. The higher participants were on internal motivation to respond without prejudice, the greater their self-reported negative affect and the more they exhibited distress-related physiological responses during the antidiversity discussion. In contrast, during the prodiversity discussion participants lower in internal motivation to respond without prejudice showed greater physiological distress, but did not self-report more negative affect. These results suggest that only those who have internalized egalitarian goals exhibit the negative emotional responses likely to promote opposition to expressions of intergroup bias; those who lack these goals might instead react against efforts to promote diversity.
本研究考察了无偏见回应动机的个体差异如何预测自我报告的负面影响以及对他人偏见行为的生理反应。101名白人参与者与一名黑人“搭档”配对，他们一起观看了两名白人男性在影片中进行支持或反对多元化讨论的场景。参与者无偏见回应的内在动机越高，他们自我报告的负面影响就越大，并且在反对多元化讨论期间表现出与痛苦相关的生理反应就越多。相比之下，在支持多元化讨论期间，无偏见回应内在动机较低的参与者表现出更大的生理痛苦，但并未自我报告更多的负面影响。这些结果表明，只有那些将平等主义目标内化的人会表现出可能促进反对群体间偏见表达的负面情绪反应；而那些缺乏这些目标的人可能会对促进多元化的努力做出抵触反应。
