Ahmed Darya Rostam, Kamal Sara K, Mesbah Sarah Mahmoud, AlSamhori Jehad Feras, Heun Reinhard
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, 44001, Iraq.
Discov Ment Health. 2025 Oct 23;5(1):158. doi: 10.1007/s44192-025-00298-z.
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the mental health outcomes of Kurdish migrants, with particular attention to the prevalence of psychological disorders and the impact of pre- and post-migration stressors.
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar according to the PRISMA guidelines. The strategy combined medical subject headings (MeSH) and relevant keywords on Kurdish migrants, refugees, asylum seekers, and mental health. The search yielded 132 records, of which 15 studies met the eligibility criteria, representing a total of 5,319 participants. The methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Following migration and resettlement in host countries, Kurdish migrants were found to experience high rates of PTSD (36.9%), depression (36.3%), and anxiety (27.7%), together with additional difficulties such as insomnia, fatigue, and suicidal ideation. Pre-migration was most often driven by war and political oppression (81.1%), violence and persecution (60.7%), and economic hardship (59.1%). Post-migration stressors included family separation (47%), discrimination and violence (51.4%), isolation and loneliness (51.7%), economic difficulties (40%), fear of deportation (21%), and other problems (30%).
As one of the largest stateless and historically persecuted populations, Kurds experience distinctive challenges in their migration journeys. Their significant burden of mental health problems underscores the need for culturally tailored and trauma-informed interventions that address both displacement experiences and barriers to integration in host societies, as well as during deportation and reintegration into their home countries.
本系统评价旨在评估库尔德移民的心理健康状况，特别关注心理障碍的患病率以及移民前后应激源的影响。
根据PRISMA指南，在PubMed、Scopus和谷歌学术中进行了系统检索。检索策略结合了医学主题词（MeSH）以及与库尔德移民、难民、寻求庇护者和心理健康相关的关键词。检索共得到132条记录，其中15项研究符合纳入标准，涉及5319名参与者。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量和偏倚风险。
在移民并在东道国安家后，库尔德移民被发现患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的比例很高（36.9%）、抑郁症（36.3%）和焦虑症（27.7%），同时还伴有失眠、疲劳和自杀意念等其他问题。移民前的主要原因通常是战争和政治压迫（81.1%）、暴力和迫害（60.7%）以及经济困难（59.1%）。移民后的应激源包括家庭分离（47%）、歧视和暴力（51.4%）、孤立和孤独（51.7%）、经济困难（40%）、被驱逐的恐惧（21%）以及其他问题（30%）。
作为最大的无国籍且长期受迫害的群体之一，库尔德人在移民过程中面临着独特的挑战。他们沉重的心理健康问题凸显了需要进行文化适配且基于创伤知情的干预措施，这些措施既要解决流离失所经历以及融入东道国社会的障碍，也要关注被驱逐和重新融入其祖国期间的问题。
