Skoracka Kinga, Ratajczak-Pawłowska Alicja Ewa, Marciniak Martyna, Rychter Anna Maria, Szwarc Klara, Łykowska-Szuber Liliana, Dobrowolska Agnieszka, Krela-Kaźmierczak Iwona
Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Front Nutr. 2025 Oct 8;12:1673867. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1673867. eCollection 2025.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission, during which patients experience a range of gastrointestinal symptoms that negatively impact their quality of life. With the rising prevalence of the Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), new therapeutic approaches, including nutritional strategies, are being sought to support therapeutic treatment. One of dietary strategy under investigation is a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols diet (LFD), which limits the intake of indigestible and slowly absorbed carbohydrates. An increasing number of studies indicate that the LFD may alleviate visceral hypersensitivity and improve patients' quality of life. However, alongside these benefits, the diet carries risks, particularly in regard to potential adverse effects on the gut microbiota and the possibility of vitamin and mineral deficiencies. The current body of evidence indicates that the LFD is best considered as a short-term therapeutic option for IBD patients in remission with persistent IBS-like symptoms. While there is evidence to suggest that it is effective in controlling symptoms, there is absence of data demonstrating that it reduces intestinal inflammation. Therefore, its use requires careful management to mitigate risks related to nutritional status and gut microbiota.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种慢性疾病，其特征为病情有加重期和缓解期，在此期间患者会出现一系列影响其生活质量的胃肠道症状。随着克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患病率的上升，人们正在寻求包括营养策略在内的新治疗方法来辅助治疗。正在研究的饮食策略之一是低可发酵寡糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇饮食（LFD），这种饮食限制了难消化和吸收缓慢的碳水化合物的摄入。越来越多的研究表明，LFD可能减轻内脏超敏反应并改善患者的生活质量。然而，除了这些益处之外，这种饮食也存在风险，特别是对肠道微生物群可能产生的不良影响以及维生素和矿物质缺乏的可能性。目前的证据表明，对于缓解期仍有持续肠易激综合征（IBS）样症状的IBD患者，LFD最好被视为一种短期治疗选择。虽然有证据表明它在控制症状方面有效，但缺乏数据证明它能减轻肠道炎症。因此，使用它需要谨慎管理，以降低与营养状况和肠道微生物群相关的风险。
