Asherson G L
Immunology. 1967 Oct;13(4):441-51.
It is known that serum increases the passive transfer of delayed hypersensitivity to certain antigens, such as bovine γ-globulin, in the guinea-pig. This synergic effect of serum in the passive transfer of delayed hypersensitivity to bovine γ-globulin was partly, but not completely, produced by serum to haemocyanin when a mixture of bovine γ-globulin and haemocyanin was used for skin testing. It was concluded that part of the synergic action of serum was due to a local inflammatory reaction. The ability of serum to cause local retention of antigen in the skin was studied using antigens labelled with radioactive iodine. Immune serum favoured the local retention of antigen. The passive transfer of antiserum to bovine γ-globulin, egg albumin and haemocyanin specifically increased the retention of antigen two- to twelve-fold. This ability of serum to cause the local retention of antigen at the site of intradermal injection was present in serum taken 3 weeks after immunization with bovine γ-globulin in Freund's complete adjuvant but absent in serum taken at 1 week. Antiserum also altered the distribution of antigen at the skin site. Autoradiography showed that it increased the area over which an appreciable concentration of antigen occurred. Active immunization with bovine γ-globulin had a slight effect on the total amount of antigen retained in the skin after intradermal injection. It had a greater effect on the distribution of antigen. In control guinea-pigs 87 per cent of the total amount of bovine γ-globulin retained at 20 hours was found within a radius of 6.5 mm of the centre of injection. In contrast in guinea-pigs immunized with bovine γ-globulin in Freund's complete adjuvant 43 per cent was found beyond this radius. A similar change in the distribution of human serum albumin was seen in guinea-pigs immunized with bovine γ-globulin when the albumin was mixed with bovine γ-globulin. This indicated that factors other than the formation of immune precipitates were sometimes responsible for the local retention of antigen. The total amount of purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) retained and its distribution in the skin was uninfluenced by immunization. It was concluded that the synergic effect of immune serum on the passive transfer of delayed hypersensitivity was due in part to some aspect of the inflammation caused by antibody antigen reaction and in part to the local retention of antigen caused by antibody.
已知血清可增强豚鼠对某些抗原（如牛γ球蛋白）迟发型超敏反应的被动转移。当用牛γ球蛋白和血蓝蛋白的混合物进行皮肤试验时，血清对牛γ球蛋白迟发型超敏反应被动转移的这种协同作用部分（但非完全）由抗血蓝蛋白血清产生。得出的结论是，血清的部分协同作用归因于局部炎症反应。使用放射性碘标记的抗原研究了血清使抗原在皮肤中局部潴留的能力。免疫血清有利于抗原的局部潴留。抗牛γ球蛋白、卵清蛋白和血蓝蛋白血清的被动转移特异性地使抗原潴留增加了2至12倍。在用弗氏完全佐剂中的牛γ球蛋白免疫3周后采集的血清中存在血清使抗原在皮内注射部位局部潴留的这种能力，但在1周时采集的血清中则不存在。抗血清还改变了抗原在皮肤部位的分布。放射自显影显示，它增加了出现可观浓度抗原的区域。用牛γ球蛋白进行主动免疫对皮内注射后皮肤中潴留的抗原总量影响轻微。它对抗原的分布影响更大。在对照豚鼠中，20小时时潴留的牛γ球蛋白总量的87%在注射中心6.5毫米半径范围内被发现。相比之下，在用弗氏完全佐剂中的牛γ球蛋白免疫的豚鼠中，43%在该半径之外被发现。当人血清白蛋白与牛γ球蛋白混合时，在用牛γ球蛋白免疫的豚鼠中也观察到了人血清白蛋白分布的类似变化。这表明除免疫沉淀物形成之外的因素有时也负责抗原的局部潴留。结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物（PPD）的潴留总量及其在皮肤中的分布不受免疫影响。得出的结论是，免疫血清对迟发型超敏反应被动转移的协同作用部分归因于抗体 - 抗原反应引起的炎症的某些方面，部分归因于抗体引起的抗原局部潴留。
