Charlton K M, Casey G A
Can J Comp Med. 1979 Jan;43(1):10-5.
Weanling female white Swiss mice were exposed to challenge virus standard rabies virus and street virus isolates from various domestic and wild animals. Virus was given free choice as suspension or as infected mouse brain by stomach tube, by single injection of suspension into the oral cavity of unanesthetized mice, by repeated injection into the oral cavity of anesthetized mice and by single application to the external nares of anesthetized mice. Challenge virus standard virus in mouse brain suspension and a suspension of skunk salivary glands infected with street virus (titers greater than or equal to 10(6)MICLD50/0.03 ml) consistently produced high rates of infection in mice exposed intranasally, low to high rates of infection in mice exposed by forced feeding and other artificial methods of oral exposure and very low rates of infection when given free choice. Street virus isolates passaged intracerebrally in mice had titers less than or equal to 10(4.5) MICLD50/0.03 ml and rarely caused rabies in mice exposed orally or nasally by any method. The results indicate that with the isolates used, virus of high titer (greater than or equal to 10(6)MICLD50/0.03 ml) is required to consistently produce infection in mice by the nasal route and that the mucosa of the nasal cavity probably is the chief route of infection even after oral administration.
将断奶雌性瑞士小白鼠暴露于攻击病毒标准狂犬病病毒以及从各种家畜和野生动物分离出的街毒。病毒可以悬液形式自由选择，也可以通过胃管给予感染小鼠脑，通过向未麻醉小鼠口腔单次注射悬液，通过向麻醉小鼠口腔重复注射，以及向麻醉小鼠外鼻孔单次涂抹。小鼠脑悬液中的攻击病毒标准病毒以及感染街毒的臭鼬唾液腺悬液（滴度大于或等于10(6)半数感染量最小致死量/0.03毫升）经鼻暴露的小鼠中始终产生高感染率，通过强制喂食和其他人工经口暴露方法暴露的小鼠中感染率从低到高，而自由选择给予时感染率极低。在小鼠脑内传代的街毒分离株滴度小于或等于10(4.5)半数感染量最小致死量/0.03毫升，通过任何方法经口或经鼻暴露的小鼠中很少引起狂犬病。结果表明，对于所使用的分离株，需要高滴度病毒（大于或等于10(6)半数感染量最小致死量/0.03毫升）才能通过鼻途径在小鼠中持续产生感染，并且即使经口给药后，鼻腔黏膜可能也是主要感染途径。
