Cohen M H, Sibal L R, Fink M A
Immunology. 1974 Jan;26(1):37-48.
Monkeys and mice were immunized with Rauscher murine leukaemia virus. Two types of leukaemia virus preparations were used as immunogens. One preparation was derived from viraemic plasma and was highly purified by density gradient ultracentrifugation. The other preparation of Rauscher virus was derived from spleen cells and was contaminated with cell membranes. Following immunization with each of these preparations sensitive techniques were utilized to measure antiviral and antileukaemia cell (cytotoxic') antibody levels on aliquots of the same antiserums. Multiple serums from each animal were tested during the weeks of immunization in order to establish a parallelism or lack of parallelism in the changes in cytotoxic and antiviral antibody levels. In each antiserum the cytotoxic and antiviral titres were virtually the same. This was true whether the animal had been immunized with a purified or a non-purified virus preparation. The presence or absence of contaminating cell membrane material in the immunizing material did not result in an antiserum with increased or decreased cytotoxic to antiviral antibody ratio. This indicated that cytotoxic antibody is probably not the result of immunization against cell membrane antigens (neoantigens') as distinguished from virus or virion subunit antigens. Conversely, we found that leukaemia cells containing relatively little virus did not lyse in the presence of cytotoxic antibody prepared against either membrane-rich or membrane-poor virus preparations. This finding suggests that virus and not independent neoantigen renders the leukaemia cell lysable by cytotoxic antibody. Our studies therefore minimize the significance and even question the presence of neoantigens in Rauscher leukaemia cells, since the cytotoxic capability of anti-Rauscher antiserum is dependent on the presence of virus and not neoantigen in the immunizing preparations, and since virus and not neoantigen renders the infected cell lysable by anti-Rauscher antibody.
用劳氏鼠白血病病毒对猴子和小鼠进行免疫。使用了两种类型的白血病病毒制剂作为免疫原。一种制剂来源于病毒血症血浆，通过密度梯度超速离心进行了高度纯化。另一种劳氏病毒制剂来源于脾细胞，且被细胞膜污染。用这些制剂中的每一种进行免疫后，采用灵敏技术来测量同一抗血清等分试样中的抗病毒和抗白血病细胞（“细胞毒性”）抗体水平。在免疫的几周内对每只动物的多份血清进行检测，以确定细胞毒性和抗病毒抗体水平变化之间是否存在平行关系。在每种抗血清中，细胞毒性和抗病毒滴度实际上是相同的。无论动物是用纯化的还是未纯化的病毒制剂进行免疫，情况都是如此。免疫材料中是否存在污染的细胞膜物质并不会导致抗血清的细胞毒性与抗病毒抗体比例升高或降低。这表明细胞毒性抗体可能不是针对与病毒或病毒粒子亚基抗原不同的细胞膜抗原（“新抗原”）进行免疫的结果。相反，我们发现含有相对少量病毒的白血病细胞在存在针对富含膜或缺乏膜的病毒制剂制备的细胞毒性抗体时并不会裂解。这一发现表明是病毒而非独立的新抗原使白血病细胞可被细胞毒性抗体裂解。因此，我们的研究将劳氏白血病细胞中新抗原的重要性降至最低，甚至对其存在提出质疑，因为抗劳氏抗血清的细胞毒性能力取决于免疫制剂中病毒的存在而非新抗原的存在，并且是病毒而非新抗原使受感染细胞可被抗劳氏抗体裂解。
