Moore R E, Scheuer P J
Science. 1971 Apr 30;172(3982):495-8. doi: 10.1126/science.172.3982.495.
Palytoxin has been isolated from the zoanthids "limu-make-o-Hana" (Tentatively identified as Palythoa sp.) as a noncrystalline, chromatographically pure entity. Apart from polypeptide and protein toxins, it is the most highly toxic substance known, with a lethal dose (LD(59)) in mice of 0.15 microgram per kilogram by intravenous injection. Unlike the potent toxins batrachotoxin, saxitoxin, and tetrodotoxin which have molecular weights of 500 or less, palytoxin has an estimated molecular weight of 3300 and contains no repetitive amino acid or sugar units.
岩沙海葵毒素已从“利穆 - 马凯 - 奥哈纳”（暂定为沙群海葵属物种）的海葵中分离出来，是一种非晶态、色谱纯物质。除多肽和蛋白质毒素外，它是已知毒性最强的物质，通过静脉注射，对小鼠的致死剂量（LD50）为每千克0.15微克。与分子量为500或更低的强效毒素如箭毒蛙毒素、石房蛤毒素和河豚毒素不同，岩沙海葵毒素的估计分子量为3300，且不包含重复的氨基酸或糖单元。
