Zhang Yuchengmin, Zhu Hongchen, Takatani Tomohiro, Arakawa Osamu
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2025 May 5;17(5):228. doi: 10.3390/toxins17050228.
Several species of crabs from the Xanthidae family are recognized as dangerous marine organisms due to their potent neurotoxins, including paralytic shellfish toxin (PST), tetrodotoxin (TTX), and palytoxin (PLTX). However, the mechanisms of toxin accumulation and transport and the origin of these toxins in toxic xanthid crabs remain unknown. The identification of toxic crab species, their toxicity and toxin composition, and toxin profiles have been studied thus far. To date, more than ten species of xanthid crabs have been confirmed to possess toxins. Recently, several new studies on crabs, including the geographic distribution of toxin profiles and the ecological role of crabs, have been reported. Therefore, this review provides a summary of global research on toxic xanthid crabs, containing new findings and hypotheses on the toxification in and the origins of these crabs. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
扇蟹科的几种螃蟹因其强大的神经毒素而被认为是危险的海洋生物，这些毒素包括麻痹性贝类毒素（PST）、河豚毒素（TTX）和岩沙海葵毒素（PLTX）。然而，有毒扇蟹中毒素积累和运输的机制以及这些毒素的来源仍然未知。到目前为止，已经对有毒蟹类物种、它们的毒性和毒素组成以及毒素谱进行了研究。迄今为止，已证实十多种扇蟹含有毒素。最近，有几项关于螃蟹的新研究被报道，包括毒素谱的地理分布和螃蟹的生态作用。因此，本综述总结了全球对有毒扇蟹的研究，包含有关这些螃蟹中毒作用和起源的新发现和假设。此外，还讨论了该领域的挑战和未来展望。
