肾上腺素能受体阻断剂对体温的影响。

Effects of adrenoceptor blocking agents on body temperature.

作者信息

Feldberg W, Saxena P N

出版信息

Br J Pharmacol. 1971 Nov;43(3):543-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07184.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07184.x

PMID:4400528

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1665800/

Abstract

The effect on rectal temperature of adrenoceptor blocking agents, injected through a cannula chronically implanted into a lateral cerebral ventricle, was examined in unanaesthetized rabbits, cats and rats, kept at room temperature (19-22 degrees C).2. In rabbits, the alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agent phenoxybenzamine (50 or 100 mug) produced marked hypothermia when injected intraventricularly but not when injected intravenously. In some rabbits as little as 1 mug was effective on intraventricular injection. Phentolamine and ergotamine, the other alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents examined, had a much weaker hypothermic action when injected intraventricularly, whereas the beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents propranolol, pronethalol and Trasicor had no effect.3. In rabbits in which the noradrenaline stores of the hypothalamus were depleted by intraventricular injections of reserpine, the hypothermic effect of phenoxybenzamine was abolished and remained abolished for a few days.4. In cats, an intraventricular injection of phenoxybenzamine (200 mug) produced long-lasting hyperthermia, but not in all cats, and only with the first, or the first two or three injections. Injected intraperitoneally, this dose had no effect on temperature. Phentolamine (100 or 200 mug) had a very weak hyperthermic effect and phentolamine (500 mug), a hypothermic effect, but only on intraventricular injection, whereas ergotamine (100 and 200 mug) had a weak hyperthermic effect both on intraventricular and intraperitoneal injection. Propranolol and Trasicor had no effect on temperature when injected intraventricularly.5. In rats, phenoxybenzamine (5 or 20 mug) produced long-lasting hypothermia on intraventricular injection.6. Some of the temperature effects produced by intraventricular injections of the alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents are explained on the assumption that they prevent the effect on temperature produced by a continuous release of noradrenaline from adrenergic neurones innervating the anterior hypothalamus.

摘要

在室温（19 - 22摄氏度）下，对未麻醉的兔、猫和大鼠，研究了通过长期植入侧脑室的套管注射肾上腺素能受体阻断剂对直肠温度的影响。
在兔中，α - 肾上腺素能受体阻断剂酚苄明（50或100微克）脑室内注射时可产生明显的体温过低，静脉注射则无此作用。在一些兔中，脑室内注射低至1微克也有效。所检测的其他α - 肾上腺素能受体阻断剂酚妥拉明和麦角胺脑室内注射时体温过低作用弱得多，而β - 肾上腺素能受体阻断剂普萘洛尔、丙萘洛尔和心得宁则无作用。
在通过脑室内注射利血平使下丘脑去甲肾上腺素储备耗竭的兔中，酚苄明的体温过低作用被消除，且在数天内仍未恢复。
在猫中，脑室内注射酚苄明（200微克）可产生持久的体温过高，但并非所有猫都如此，且仅在首次或最初的两三次注射时出现。腹腔注射此剂量对体温无影响。酚妥拉明（100或200微克）体温过高作用很弱，而酚妥拉明（500微克）仅脑室内注射时有体温过低作用，而麦角胺（100和200微克）脑室内和腹腔注射时均有弱的体温过高作用。普萘洛尔和心得宁脑室内注射时对体温无影响。
在大鼠中，脑室内注射酚苄明（5或20微克）可产生持久的体温过低。
脑室内注射α - 肾上腺素能受体阻断剂所产生的一些体温效应可解释为，它们阻止了去甲肾上腺素能神经元持续释放去甲肾上腺素对下丘脑前部产生的体温效应，这些神经元支配着下丘脑前部。