Clark W G
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1979 Winter;3(4):179-231. doi: 10.1016/0149-7634(79)90010-1.
Drugs may alter body temperature by acting on any component of the thermoregulatory system. These components include heat production, heat conservation and heat loss effectors and their efferent pathways, thermosensors and their afferent pathways and neurons within the central nervous system that coordinate thermoregulatory effector activities. A thermostat is often thought to be involved although thermoregulation can be explained by models that do not incorporate a thermostat. An action on a particular component can be assessed by determining the effect of a drug on body temperature over a range of environmental temperatures and by observation and measurement of associated changes in effector activities. A scheme for such assessment is presented along with examples of its use. The study of drug-induced changes in body temperature has expanded greatly within the past decade. The primary purpose of this review is to provide a readily available source of information on interactions between certain drugs and the thermoregulatory system. Extensive tables are presented of body temperature changes after administration of amino acids, peptides, dopamine and related agents, phenothiazine neuroleptics and also phenothiazines that lack neuroleptic activity, butyrophenones, diphenylbutylpiperidines such as pimozide and miscellaneous neuroleptics. The information tabulated includes the species used, route of administration and dose of drugs, the environmental temperature at which the experiments were performed, the number of tests, the direction and magnitude of body temperature change and remarks on the presence of special conditions, such as age or lesions, or on the influence of other drugs, such as antagonists, on the response to the primary drug. Most of the cited literature was published since 1965.
药物可通过作用于体温调节系统的任何组成部分来改变体温。这些组成部分包括产热、蓄热和散热效应器及其传出通路、温度传感器及其传入通路，以及中枢神经系统内协调体温调节效应器活动的神经元。人们通常认为存在一个体温调节中枢，尽管体温调节也可以用不包含体温调节中枢的模型来解释。通过确定药物在一系列环境温度下对体温的影响，以及观察和测量效应器活动的相关变化，可以评估药物对特定组成部分的作用。本文给出了一个这样的评估方案及其应用实例。在过去十年中，对药物引起的体温变化的研究有了很大的扩展。这篇综述的主要目的是提供一个关于某些药物与体温调节系统之间相互作用的现成信息来源。文中列出了大量表格，内容包括给予氨基酸、肽、多巴胺及相关药物、吩噻嗪类抗精神病药、缺乏抗精神病活性的吩噻嗪类药物、丁酰苯类、二苯基丁基哌啶类（如匹莫齐特）及其他抗精神病药后体温的变化情况。表格中的信息包括所用物种、给药途径和药物剂量、进行实验时的环境温度、测试次数、体温变化的方向和幅度，以及关于特殊情况（如年龄或损伤）的存在，或其他药物（如拮抗剂）对主要药物反应的影响的说明。引用的大多数文献自1965年以来发表。
