Rosenstreich D L, Nowotny A, Chused T, Mergenhagen S E
Infect Immun. 1973 Sep;8(3):406-11. doi: 10.1128/iai.8.3.406-411.1973.
An analysis of which component of lipopolysaccharide, the lipid or the polysaccharide, is mitogenic for mouse B-lymphocytes has been performed. A purified glycolipid derived from a rough mutant of Salmonella minnesota (R595) that does not contain any o-polysaccharide at all is more mitogenic than an intact lipopolysaccharide derived from a smooth strain of S. minnesota. Results using fractions produced by several different chemical modifications of whole lipopolysaccharide confirm this result. Acid hydrolysis separates lipopolysaccharide into two components. The lipid fraction is mitogenic, whereas the polysaccharide fraction is not. Those procedures which degrade or modify only the lipid moiety while preserving the antigenic integrity of the polysaccharide also destroy mitogenicity. These include alkaline hydrolysis and deacylation by a more specific treatment with potassium methylate. The lipid preparations are fully active on highly purified B-lymphocyte populations (prepared by anti-theta antiserum and complement), whereas they have no effect on highly purified T-lymphocyte populations (prepared by anti-immunoglobulin and complement). These data demonstrate that the lipid moiety of endotoxin is the B-lymphocyte mitogen, whereas the polysaccharide has no demonstrable mitogenic activity.
对脂多糖的脂质部分或多糖部分中哪一部分对小鼠B淋巴细胞具有促有丝分裂作用进行了分析。从明尼苏达沙门氏菌（R595）的粗糙突变体中获得的一种纯化糖脂，其根本不含有任何O-多糖，比从明尼苏达沙门氏菌光滑菌株中获得的完整脂多糖更具促有丝分裂作用。使用通过对全脂多糖进行几种不同化学修饰产生的级分所得到的结果证实了这一结果。酸水解将脂多糖分离成两个组分。脂质部分具有促有丝分裂作用，而多糖部分则没有。那些仅降解或修饰脂质部分而保留多糖抗原完整性的操作也会破坏促有丝分裂活性。这些操作包括碱水解以及用甲醇钾进行更特异性处理的脱酰基作用。脂质制剂对高度纯化的B淋巴细胞群体（通过抗θ抗血清和补体制备）具有完全活性，而对高度纯化的T淋巴细胞群体（通过抗免疫球蛋白和补体制备）则没有作用。这些数据表明内毒素的脂质部分是B淋巴细胞促有丝分裂原，而多糖没有可证明的促有丝分裂活性。
