Beisser A R
Am J Psychiatry. 1979 Aug;136(8):1026-30. doi: 10.1176/ajp.136.8.1026.
Recent research has shown that patients with life-threatening illnesses have improved chances of survival if, rather than recognizing the serious consequences of their illness, they employ the psychological defense mechanism of denial. Reexamination of these data suggests that unexamined psychological factors which promote a positive view of health are of equal or greater importance in explaining those results. Health care professionals, concerned with diagnosis and treatment, primarily focus attention on illness and its denial or recognition. To expand this perspective to include factors for health, the author presents a four-cell paradigm of illness, health, denial, and affirmation. The paradigm is illustrated with examples of common problems in medical care.
最近的研究表明，患有危及生命疾病的患者若采用否认这种心理防御机制，而非认识到自身疾病的严重后果，其存活几率会有所提高。对这些数据的重新审视表明，那些未经审视的、促使人们对健康持积极看法的心理因素，在解释这些结果方面具有同等或更大的重要性。关注诊断和治疗的医护人员主要将注意力集中在疾病及其被否认或被认识的情况上。为了将这一视角扩展至包括健康因素，作者提出了一个关于疾病、健康、否认和肯定的四单元范式。文中用医疗护理中的常见问题实例对该范式进行了说明。
