Ohta T, Kimura M
Genetics. 1974 Mar;76(3):615-24. doi: 10.1093/genetics/76.3.615.
Using a new model of isoalleles, extensive Monte Carlo experiments were performed to examine the pattern of allelic distribution in a finite population. In this model it was assumed that the set of allelic states is represented by discrete points on a one-dimensional lattice and that change of state by mutation occurs in such a way that an allele moves either one step in the positive direction or one step in the negative direction on the lattice. Such a model was considered to be appropriate for estimating theoretically the number of electrophoretically detectable alleles within a population. The evenness of allelic distribution was measured by the ratio of the effective to the actual number of alleles (n(e)/n(a)). The results of the Monte Carlo experiments have shown that this ratio is generally larger under the new model of isoalleles than under the conventional Kimura-Crow model of neutral isoalleles. In other words, the distribution of allelic frequencies within a population is expected to be more uniform in the new model. By comparing the Monte Carlo results with actual observations, it was concluded that the observed deviation from what is predicted under the new model with selective neutrality is not in the direction of conforming to the overdominance hypothesis but is, in fact, in the opposite direction.
利用一种新的等位基因模型，进行了大量的蒙特卡罗实验，以研究有限群体中等位基因的分布模式。在该模型中，假设等位基因状态集由一维晶格上的离散点表示，并且突变导致的状态变化以这样一种方式发生，即等位基因在晶格上要么沿正方向移动一步，要么沿负方向移动一步。这种模型被认为适合从理论上估计群体中电泳可检测等位基因的数量。等位基因分布的均匀性通过有效等位基因数与实际等位基因数的比率（n(e)/n(a)）来衡量。蒙特卡罗实验结果表明，在新的等位基因模型下，该比率通常比传统的木村-克劳中性等位基因模型下的比率更大。换句话说，在新模型中，群体中等位基因频率的分布预计会更均匀。通过将蒙特卡罗结果与实际观察结果进行比较，得出的结论是，观察到的与具有选择中性的新模型预测结果的偏差，并非朝着符合超显性假设的方向，而是实际上朝着相反的方向。
