加利福尼亚州分离出的沙门氏菌中的抗菌素耐药性及R因子（1971 - 1972年）
Antimicrobial resistance and R factors in Salmonella isolated in California (1971-1972).
作者信息
Bissett M L, Abbott S L, Wood R M
出版信息
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 Feb;5(2):161-8. doi: 10.1128/AAC.5.2.161.
The antimicrobial resistance of 2,246 strains of Salmonella isolated from humans in California was determined. Resistance to one or more of the 12 antimicrobial agents tested was found in 32% of the isolates. Salmonella typhimurium strains represented 31% of the serotypes isolated; 49% of these strains were resistant. Fifty-one percent of S. heidelberg, 42.5% of S. newport, and 40% of S. saint paul strains were resistant. Seventy-seven percent of all resistant serotypes were resistant to two or more of the antimicrobial agents tested. R factors were demonstrated in 70% of the multiply resistant strains. Resistance of the Salmonella strains to one or more of the 12 antimicrobials tested and the frequency of resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin were significantly greater than resistance reported in other studies performed in this country. Chloramphenicol resistance was encountered in 33 (1.5%) of the Salmonella isolates; 19 of these were S. typhi demonstrating a pattern of resistance to streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol and carrying an R factor capable of transferring the complete pattern of resistance.
对从加利福尼亚州人类身上分离出的2246株沙门氏菌的抗菌耐药性进行了测定。在32%的分离株中发现对所测试的12种抗菌药物中的一种或多种具有耐药性。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株占分离出的血清型的31%；其中49%的菌株具有耐药性。海德堡沙门氏菌的51%、纽波特沙门氏菌的42.5%和圣保罗沙门氏菌的40%具有耐药性。所有耐药血清型中有77%对所测试的两种或更多种抗菌药物具有耐药性。在70%的多重耐药菌株中检测到R因子。沙门氏菌菌株对所测试的12种抗菌药物中的一种或多种的耐药性以及对四环素和氨苄青霉素的耐药频率显著高于该国其他研究报告的耐药性。在33株（1.5%）沙门氏菌分离株中发现了氯霉素耐药性；其中19株是伤寒沙门氏菌，表现出对链霉素、磺胺异恶唑、四环素和氯霉素的耐药模式，并携带一种能够传递完整耐药模式的R因子。
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