Brody J S, Stemmler E J, DuBois A B
J Clin Invest. 1968 Apr;47(4):783-99. doi: 10.1172/JCI105773.
A new method has been described for measuring the pressure and resistance to blood flow in the pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins. Studies were performed in dog isolated lung lobes perfused at constant flow with blood from a donor dog. Pulmonary artery and vein volume and total lobar blood volume were measured by the ether plethysmograph and dyedilution techniques. The longitudinal distribution of vascular resistance was determined by analyzing the decrease in perfusion pressure caused by a bolus of low viscosity liquid introduced into the vascular inflow of the lobe. The pulmonary arteries were responsible for 46% of total lobar vascular resistance, whereas the pulmonary capillaries and veins accounted for 34 and 20% of total lobar vascular resistance respectively. Vascular resistance was 322 dynes .sec.cm(-5)/ml of vessel in the lobar pulmonary arteries, 112 dynes.sec.cm(-5)/ml in the pulmonary capillaries, and 115 dynes.sec.cm(-5)/ml in the lobar pulmonary veins. Peak vascular resistivity (resistance per milliliter of volume) was in an area 2 ml proximal to the capillary bed, but resistivity was high throughout the pulmonary arterial tree. The pulmonary arteries accounted for approximately 50% of vascular resistance upstream from the sluice point when alveolar pressure exceeded venous pressure. The method described provides the first measurements of pulmonary capillary pressure. Mid-capillary pressure averaged 13.3 cm H(2)O, pulmonary artery pressure averaged 20.4 cm H(2)O, and pulmonary vein pressure averaged 9.2 cm H(2)O. These techniques also provide a way of analyzing arterial, capillary, and venous responses to various pharmacologic and physiologic stimuli.
一种用于测量肺动脉、毛细血管和静脉中血流压力及血流阻力的新方法已被描述。研究在狗的离体肺叶中进行，这些肺叶以恒定流量灌注来自供体狗的血液。肺动脉和静脉容积以及肺叶总血容量通过乙醚体积描记法和染料稀释技术进行测量。血管阻力的纵向分布通过分析注入肺叶血管流入端的低粘度液体团块引起的灌注压力下降来确定。肺动脉占肺叶总血管阻力的46%，而肺毛细血管和静脉分别占肺叶总血管阻力的34%和20%。肺叶肺动脉中血管阻力为322达因·秒·厘米⁻⁵/毫升血管，肺毛细血管中为112达因·秒·厘米⁻⁵/毫升，肺叶肺静脉中为115达因·秒·厘米⁻⁵/毫升。血管电阻率峰值（每毫升容积的阻力）出现在毛细血管床近端2毫升处的区域，但在整个肺动脉树中电阻率都很高。当肺泡压力超过静脉压力时，肺动脉在闸门点上游的血管阻力中约占50%。所描述的方法首次测量了肺毛细血管压力。毛细血管中部压力平均为13.3厘米水柱，肺动脉压力平均为20.4厘米水柱，肺静脉压力平均为9.2厘米水柱。这些技术还提供了一种分析动脉、毛细血管和静脉对各种药理和生理刺激反应的方法。
