甲氧苄啶用于医院内尿路感染的治疗
Trimethoprim in the treatment of urinary infections in hospital.
作者信息
Grüneberg R N, Kolbe R
出版信息
Br Med J. 1969 Mar 1;1(5643):545-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5643.545.
Success in the cure of urinary infections of hospital patients was compared for five-day courses of sulphamethoxazole alone, sulphamethoxazole plus one-tenth its weight of trimethoprim, and sulphamethoxazole plus one-fifth its weight of trimethoprim (Septrin). The cure rates were 65%, 84%, and 92% respectively. Fifty-four per cent. of 111 patients had urinary tract abnormalities. Forty-three per cent. of the causative organisms were sulphonamide-resistant in vitro. There were no major side-effects, though two patients had pruritus or a rash.The degree of potentiation of sulphamethoxazole activity by one-fifth the weight of trimethoprim was so great that its cure rate of infections due to sulphonamide-resistant organisms exceeded that of sulphamethoxazole alone used in infections due to sulphonamide-sensitive organisms. The degree of synergism between trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole demonstrated in vitro against urinary organisms was directly related to the cure rate of the combination.
对医院患者尿路感染的治疗效果进行了比较，治疗方案分别为单独使用磺胺甲恶唑进行为期五天的疗程、磺胺甲恶唑加其十分之一重量的甲氧苄啶以及磺胺甲恶唑加其五分之一重量的甲氧苄啶（复方新诺明）。治愈率分别为65%、84%和92%。111名患者中有54%存在尿路异常。43%的致病微生物在体外对磺胺类药物耐药。未出现严重副作用，不过有两名患者出现瘙痒或皮疹。甲氧苄啶重量的五分之一对磺胺甲恶唑活性的增强程度非常大，以至于其对磺胺类药物耐药菌引起的感染的治愈率超过了单独使用磺胺甲恶唑对磺胺类药物敏感菌引起的感染的治愈率。体外针对尿路细菌所显示的甲氧苄啶与磺胺甲恶唑之间的协同程度与联合用药的治愈率直接相关。
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