Major R T
Science. 1967 Sep 15;157(3794):1270-3. doi: 10.1126/science.157.3794.1270.
Fossil records clearly demonstrate that the group of trees known as Ginkgoales, of which today Ginkgo biloba is the sole living member, date back over 200 million years. Ginkgo bilboa itself is one of the oldest of living plants (4). It appears that the longevity of this tree and its long reproductive period are at least partially responsible for the persistence of the species. The resistance of these trees to pests such as insects, bacteria, viruses, and fungi has been studied. It is believed that their unusual resistance to pests accounts in part for the longevity of the trees and also, in turn, for the longevity of the species.
化石记录清楚地表明,银杏纲这一类树木可追溯到2亿多年前,如今银杏是该纲唯一现存的成员。银杏本身是现存最古老的植物之一。这种树的长寿及其漫长的繁殖期似乎至少部分地促成了该物种的延续。人们对这些树抵抗昆虫、细菌、病毒和真菌等害虫的能力进行了研究。据信,它们对害虫的非凡抵抗力部分解释了树木的长寿,进而也解释了该物种的长寿。