Feron V J, Kruysse A, Immel H R, Til H P
Toxicology. 1979 Dec;15(1):65-8. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(79)90020-9.
The subacute inhalation toxicity of butenolide was examined in hamsters by repeated exposure of 4 groups of 10 males and 10 females to butenolide vapour at concentrations of 0, 5.4, 25 and 130 ppm respectively (6 h/day, 5 days/week) for a period of 13 weeks. The effects found at 130 ppm included eye irritation, salivation, nasal discharge, growth retardation, decreased number of eosinophils, increased liver weight, and hyper- and metaplastic epithelium in the nasal cavity. At the 5.4 and 25 ppm levels no changes were observed which could be attributed to butenolide; 25 ppm was, therefore, considered the highest no-toxic effect level observed. The actual no-adverse effect level was placed at 75 ppm.
通过将4组每组10只雄性和10只雌性仓鼠分别反复暴露于浓度为0、5.4、25和130 ppm的丁烯内酯蒸气中（每天6小时，每周5天），持续13周，来检测丁烯内酯的亚急性吸入毒性。在130 ppm时发现的影响包括眼睛刺激、流涎、鼻分泌物、生长迟缓、嗜酸性粒细胞数量减少、肝脏重量增加以及鼻腔上皮增生和化生。在5.4和25 ppm水平未观察到可归因于丁烯内酯的变化；因此，25 ppm被认为是观察到的最高无毒作用水平。实际无不良反应水平设定为75 ppm。
