Richardson J S, Novakovski D M
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1978 Jul;3(4):253-64. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(78)90079-0.
Rats given intraventricular (i.v.t.) injections of 6-hydroxydopa (90 microgran) showed reduced brain part noradrenaline levels but no change in free choice ethanol consumption, while rats given 6-hydroxydopamine (250 microgram) i.v.t. injections showed reduced brain part noradrenaline and dopamine levels and a reduced free choice ethanol intake. Rats given i.v.t. injections of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (50 microgram) showed a reduction of serotonin in the hippocampus and an increase in free choice ethanol consumption. Chronic forced ethanol consumption, achieved by placing rats on a Metrecal--ethanol diet, also increased subsequent free choice ethanol intake, but had no permanent effect on brain part monoamine levels. Rats exposed to ethanol prenatally were hyperactive at 5 weeks of age but not at 10 weeks. At 15 weeks, their ethanol preference was not different from that of controls nor did their brain part monoamine levels differ from those of controls at 16 weeks. These results indicate that disrupting the balance between the monoamine neuro-transmitter systems with the neurotoxins alters the free choice ethanol consumption of rats but that prior chronic exposure to ethanol also changes free choice ethanol consumption in the absence of any permanent change in monoamine levels. The long-term behavioral changes seen in rats exposed to ethanol are not due to permanent alterations in the brain levels of noradrenaline, dopamine, or serotonin.
经脑室注射6 - 羟基多巴胺（90微克）的大鼠，其脑内去甲肾上腺素水平降低，但自由选择乙醇的摄入量没有变化；而经脑室注射6 - 羟多巴胺（250微克）的大鼠，其脑内去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺水平降低，自由选择乙醇的摄入量也减少。经脑室注射5,6 - 二羟基色胺（50微克）的大鼠，海马体中的血清素减少，自由选择乙醇的摄入量增加。通过给大鼠喂食美特钙 - 乙醇饮食实现慢性强迫乙醇摄入，也会增加随后自由选择乙醇的摄入量，但对脑内单胺水平没有永久性影响。产前暴露于乙醇的大鼠在5周龄时表现为多动，但在10周龄时则没有。在15周时，它们对乙醇的偏好与对照组无异，在16周时其脑内单胺水平与对照组也没有差异。这些结果表明，用神经毒素破坏单胺神经递质系统之间的平衡会改变大鼠自由选择乙醇的摄入量，但先前慢性暴露于乙醇也会在单胺水平没有任何永久性变化的情况下改变自由选择乙醇的摄入量。在暴露于乙醇的大鼠中看到的长期行为变化并非由于脑内去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺或血清素水平的永久性改变。
