Johansson B B, Linder L E, Persson L I
Acta Neurol Scand. 1978 Dec;58(6):333-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1978.tb02897.x.
Ethanol has been shown to aggravate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in cerebral trauma and in cerebral gas embolism, possibly by changing the endothelial cell membrane. No difference in protein extravasation was found between intoxicated and control rats under nitrous oxide anesthesia after the injection of bicuculline, a drug that hemodynamically gives rise to high blood pressure in combination with cerebral vasodilatation. In contrast there was a statistically significant increase in protein leakage in conscious intoxicated rats. The fact that ethanol increased the vulnerability only in conscious rats might indicate that nitrous oxide and ethanol have a common effect on the endothelial cell membranes or that nitrous oxide neutralizes an action of ethanol. Protein leakage induced by acute hypertension is more severe in rats anesthetized with nitrous oxide than in conscious rats, a difference that might to some extent be related to an effect of nitrous oxide on the endothelial cells. Further studies are needed to evaluate the influence of ethanol and nitrous oxide on the endothelial cell membrane.
乙醇已被证明会加重脑外伤和脑气体栓塞中的血脑屏障（BBB）功能障碍，这可能是通过改变内皮细胞膜来实现的。在注射荷包牡丹碱后，在一氧化二氮麻醉下，中毒大鼠和对照大鼠之间未发现蛋白质外渗有差异，荷包牡丹碱是一种在血流动力学上与脑血管扩张相结合会导致高血压的药物。相比之下，清醒中毒大鼠的蛋白质渗漏有统计学上的显著增加。乙醇仅在清醒大鼠中增加易损性这一事实可能表明，一氧化二氮和乙醇对内皮细胞膜有共同作用，或者一氧化二氮中和了乙醇的作用。急性高血压诱导的蛋白质渗漏在一氧化二氮麻醉的大鼠中比清醒大鼠更严重，这种差异可能在一定程度上与一氧化二氮对内皮细胞的作用有关。需要进一步研究来评估乙醇和一氧化二氮对内皮细胞膜的影响。
