Gelbke H P, Schlicht H J, Schmidt G
Arch Toxicol. 1977 Jun 18;37(2):89-94. doi: 10.1007/BF00293857.
The toxicologic findings in a case of fatal poisoning with verapamil (Isoptin) are are presented. For isolation of verapamil the biologic material was subjected to protein precipitation. The aqueous solutions were acidified with hydrochloric acid, prepurified by extraction with ether, and subsequently the basic drug verapamil was isolated by ion pair extraction with chloroform. Quantitative determination of verapamil was carried out by gas chromatography using a nitrogen specific flame ionization detector. The following concentrations of verapamil were measured: liver 5500 ng/g, kidney 2000 ng/g, blood 590 ng/g, urine 250 ng/g, gastric contents 3 mg (total). During examination by the police it was claimed by a witness that two tablets of Isoptin had been taken before death. After application of a therapeutic dose of Isoptin peak concentrations of 11 and 30 ng/g of blood cells and of 30 and 65 ng/g of plasma were measured in two healthy subjects; the latter figures corresponded well to previous findings of other authors, who investigated plasma concentrations of verapamil after therapeutic administration. In the case presented here, the blood concentration of 590 ng/g clearly demonstrated that an extreme overdose must have been taken before death.
本文报告了一例维拉帕米（异搏定）致死中毒病例的毒理学研究结果。为分离维拉帕米，生物材料经蛋白质沉淀处理。水溶液用盐酸酸化，经乙醚萃取预纯化，随后用氯仿进行离子对萃取分离碱性药物维拉帕米。采用氮特异性火焰离子化检测器，通过气相色谱法定量测定维拉帕米。测得维拉帕米的浓度如下：肝脏5500纳克/克，肾脏2000纳克/克，血液590纳克/克，尿液250纳克/克，胃内容物3毫克（总量）。在警方调查期间，一名证人称死者生前服用了两片异搏定。两名健康受试者服用治疗剂量的异搏定后，测得血细胞中维拉帕米的峰值浓度为11和30纳克/克，血浆中为30和65纳克/克；后一组数据与其他作者先前的研究结果相符，他们研究了治疗给药后维拉帕米的血浆浓度。在本病例中，血液浓度为590纳克/克，清楚地表明死者生前一定服用了极大量的药物。
