Cohen M M, Lessell S
Neurology. 1979 Mar;29(3):386-9. doi: 10.1212/wnl.29.3.386.
Retraction of the lower eyelid is a useful sign of disease. It is an early manifestation of weakness of the facial muscles, occurring with myopathies, myasthenia, and upper and lower motor neuron facial paresis. Rarely, lower and upper lid retraction occur without proptosis in patients with Graves disease. Lower lid retraction occurs in proptosis and varies directly with the degree of proptosis. It is also seen with senile entropion or ectropion, after eye muscle or orbital surgery, and with contraction of lid tissues. Apparent retraction results when the contralateral lower lid is pathologically elevated, as in Horner syndrome, in enophthalmos, or with vertical deviations of the eye.
下睑退缩是一种有用的疾病体征。它是面部肌肉无力的早期表现，见于肌病、重症肌无力以及上、下运动神经元性面瘫。在格雷夫斯病患者中，上睑和下睑退缩很少在无眼球突出的情况下出现。下睑退缩发生于眼球突出时，且与眼球突出程度直接相关。在老年性睑内翻或睑外翻、眼肌或眼眶手术后以及睑组织挛缩时也可见到。当对侧下睑病理性抬高时，如在霍纳综合征、眼球内陷或存在眼球垂直偏斜时，可出现假性退缩。
