Vesell E S, Passananti G T
Environ Health Perspect. 1977 Oct;20:159-82. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7720159.
Compared to laboratory animals, humans are extremely heterogenous with respect to the many factors that can influence the distribution and biological effects of toxic chemicals. This heterogeneity can prevent an accurate assessment of the impact of a particular toxic compound on the health of an individual subject. Some of the factors that can significantly modify the host response to certain drugs, which serve in this review as a model for environmental chemicals, are enumerated and discussed. Although the mechanisms by which many of these factors modify the biological effects of certain environmental chemicals and drugs have been determined in some cases, better definition of the nature of interactions between these factors and environmental chemicals in a particular individual is required at a biochemical and molecular level. Recommendations are offered for the further development of our knowledge concerning interactions between environmental chemicals and such factors in a particular individual.
与实验动物相比，人类在许多能够影响有毒化学物质分布和生物效应的因素方面存在极大的异质性。这种异质性会妨碍对特定有毒化合物对个体健康影响的准确评估。本文列举并讨论了一些能够显著改变宿主对某些药物反应的因素，这些药物在本综述中作为环境化学物质的模型。尽管在某些情况下已经确定了其中许多因素改变某些环境化学物质和药物生物效应的机制，但在生物化学和分子水平上，仍需要更明确这些因素与特定个体中的环境化学物质之间相互作用的性质。本文针对进一步拓展我们关于特定个体中环境化学物质与这些因素之间相互作用的知识提出了建议。
