Borison H L, Borison R, McCarthy L E
J Clin Pharmacol. 1981 Aug-Sep;21(S1):23S-29S. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02569.x.
Hindbrain morphology is compared in a variety of animals representing species that vomit and those that do not. Special attention is given to the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) and its synaptic connections with surrounding structures. The role of the area postrema is examined from the standpoints of containing the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) for vomiting, of its functional relationship to the blood-brain barrier, and of its significance as part of the circumventricular organ system. A survey is made of the manifold behavioral contributions of NTS to cardiovascular and respiratory regulation, appetite control, arousal, water balance, and digestive and neuroendocrine functions. An overview is presented of neurochemical distribution in the brain stem with respect to aminergic, cholinergic, and peptidergic substances. Finally, causes and prevention of vomiting are discussed in light of the above considerations.
比较了各种代表会呕吐和不会呕吐物种的动物的后脑形态。特别关注孤束核（NTS）及其与周围结构的突触连接。从包含呕吐化学感受器触发区（CTZ）、其与血脑屏障的功能关系以及作为室周器官系统一部分的意义等角度研究了最后区的作用。综述了NTS对心血管和呼吸调节、食欲控制、觉醒、水平衡以及消化和神经内分泌功能的多种行为贡献。概述了脑干中关于胺能、胆碱能和肽能物质的神经化学分布。最后，根据上述考虑讨论了呕吐的原因和预防。
