Curtin B J
Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1977;75:67-86.
A total of 250 myopic patients with posterior staphyloma affecting one or both eyes received a complete ocular examination including binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, refraction, and axial length measurement. Ten types of staphyloma were noted; five primary and five compound. The primary staphyloma involved the posterior pole (Type I), macular area (Type II), peripapillary area (Type III), the fundus nasal to the disc (Type IV) and the area below the disc (Type V). Compound staphylomas consisted of combined primary staphylomas or distinctive and complex variations of a primary staphyloma, usually Type I. This type also was found to have the greatest prevalence of all ten types. Patients in this group had a 19% incidence of legal blindness with 34.5% of staphylomatous eyes having a vision of 20/200 or less. A remarkably wide range of refractions and axial lengths were found for each staphyloma type. These results indicate the importance of the staphyloma in the diagnosis and prognosis of pathologic myopia. It also offers an improved basis for genetic studies of this disease.
共有250例一只眼或双眼患有后巩膜葡萄肿的近视患者接受了全面的眼部检查，包括双眼间接检眼镜检查、验光和眼轴长度测量。记录了10种类型的葡萄肿，其中5种为原发性，5种为复合性。原发性葡萄肿累及后极部（I型）、黄斑区（II型）、视乳头周围区域（III型）、视盘鼻侧眼底（IV型）和视盘下方区域（V型）。复合性葡萄肿由原发性葡萄肿合并而成，或为原发性葡萄肿的独特复杂变异，通常为I型。该型在所有10种类型中患病率也最高。该组患者法定盲的发生率为19%，34.5%的葡萄肿眼视力为20/200或更低。每种葡萄肿类型的验光和眼轴长度范围都很广。这些结果表明葡萄肿在病理性近视的诊断和预后中具有重要意义。它也为该疾病的遗传学研究提供了更好的基础。
