Potter D E, Burke J A, Chang F W
Curr Eye Res. 1984 Feb;3(2):307-14. doi: 10.3109/02713688408997214.
Ergot derivatives, such as bromocriptine, lergotrile and pergolide, are potent dopaminergic agonists in various biological systems. In topical doses ranging from 0.001 to 1% applied unilaterally, each agent produced dose-related ocular hypotension in normal rabbits. Utilizing an intraocular pressure (IOP) recovery rate method (aqueous formation index), each agent was observed to suppress the recovery rate of IOP in normal rabbits. Pretreatment with a prejunctional dopamine receptor antagonist (domperidone) inhibited the ocular hypotensive effect of bromocriptine and pergolide more than that of lergotrile. In rabbits with unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomies, IOP was lowered appreciably less by these compounds in the denervated eyes. These studies indicate that: a) lowering of IOP by these ergot derivatives is dependent, in part, on suppression of sympathetic neuronal activity; b) the most probable sites of action are DA2 receptors on sympathetic nerve endings or in sympathetic ganglia; c) ocular hypotension is produced, in part, by suppressing aqueous humor formation.
麦角衍生物，如溴隐亭、麦角腈和培高利特，在各种生物系统中都是强效的多巴胺能激动剂。在单侧应用0.001%至1%的局部剂量时，每种药物在正常兔中均产生剂量相关的眼压降低。利用眼压（IOP）恢复率方法（房水生成指数），观察到每种药物均能抑制正常兔眼压的恢复率。用突触前多巴胺受体拮抗剂（多潘立酮）预处理，对溴隐亭和培高利特的降眼压作用的抑制作用比对麦角腈的抑制作用更强。在单侧颈上神经节切除的兔中，这些化合物对去神经眼眼压的降低明显较少。这些研究表明：a）这些麦角衍生物降低眼压部分依赖于交感神经活动的抑制；b）最可能的作用部位是交感神经末梢或交感神经节上的DA2受体；c）眼压降低部分是通过抑制房水生成产生的。
