Nemeth P R, Ort C A, Wood J D
J Physiol. 1984 Oct;355:411-25. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015427.
The actions of histamine on myenteric neurones were investigated with intracellular recording methods in guinea-pig small intestine. The actions of histamine at the ganglion cell soma were: membrane depolarization, increased input resistance, suppression of post-spike hyperpolarizing potentials, augmented excitability and repetitive spike discharge. Excitability was enhanced also at spike initiation sites remote from the cell body. Both H1, and H2, receptors were involved in the response to histamine. Dimaprit mimicked the responses to histamine in 80% and 2-methylhistamine in 50% of the trials. Cimetidine was an antagonist for histamine in 82% and for dimaprit in all of the trials. Pyrilamine blocked the actions of histamine in 59% of the cells and always blocked the action of 2-methylhistamine. Histamine mimicked slow synaptic excitation in the neurones, but was ruled out as a neurotransmitter for the slow excitatory post-synaptic potential (e.p.s.p.). Histamine either did not affect the responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P and acetylcholine or it potentiated the responses to these putative neurotransmitters for slow synaptic excitation. The results support the possibility that histamine released from mast cells by circulating peptidergic messengers, by neurotransmitters or during anaphylaxis could influence enteric nervous function.
采用细胞内记录方法,在豚鼠小肠中研究了组胺对肠肌间神经元的作用。组胺对神经节细胞胞体的作用包括:膜去极化、输入电阻增加、锋电位后超极化电位受抑制、兴奋性增强以及重复锋电位发放。在远离细胞体的锋电位起始部位,兴奋性也增强。H1和H2受体均参与了对组胺的反应。在80%的实验中,二甲双胍模拟了对组胺的反应,在50%的实验中,2-甲基组胺模拟了对组胺的反应。在82%的实验中,西咪替丁是组胺的拮抗剂,在所有实验中,它都是二甲双胍的拮抗剂。吡苄明在59%的细胞中阻断了组胺的作用,并且总是阻断2-甲基组胺的作用。组胺模拟了神经元中的慢突触兴奋,但被排除是慢兴奋性突触后电位(e.p.s.p.)的神经递质。组胺要么不影响对5-羟色胺、P物质和乙酰胆碱的反应,要么增强对这些假定的慢突触兴奋神经递质的反应。这些结果支持这样一种可能性,即循环中的肽能信使、神经递质或过敏反应期间肥大细胞释放的组胺可能影响肠神经功能。