van de Donk H J, Zuidema J, Merkus F W
Rhinology. 1981 Dec;19(4):215-30.
The effects of proprietary preparations in the Netherlands and nasal preparations according to the F.N.A. (Formulary of the Netherlands' Pharmacists Association) on the ciliary beat frequency of chicken embryo tracheas have been determined. In general the preservatives, used in the nasal drops, turned out to have a more decisive influence on the ciliary motion than the pharmacologically active constituents. The average time, necessary to decrease the frequency 50% with 1=5 diluted nasal drops (average t 50%(1=5) containing a mercury compound or chlorbutol, is 0.4 h. Quaternary ammonium compounds containing preparations, however, have less influence, average t 50%(1=5) greater than 1.22 h. They are to be used preferably. Nasal drops, used as decongestants, provided that they are preserved with quaternary ammonium compounds, have little influence on the ciliary motion (average t50%(1=5) greater than 1.38 h). Nasal drops containing antihistamines, in contrast, inhibit the ciliary motion largely and almost independently of the preservatives (average t50%(1=5)=0.22 h); the cromoglycate containing preparation, on the contrary, has only little effect in this respect (t50%(1=5) greater than 2 h). Antimicrobial preparations are not preserved and have an intermediate ciliotoxic effect (average t50%(1=5)=0.7 h).
已测定了荷兰的专利制剂以及依据荷兰药剂师协会处方集（F.N.A.）的鼻腔制剂对鸡胚气管纤毛搏动频率的影响。一般来说，滴鼻剂中使用的防腐剂对纤毛运动的影响比药理活性成分更为关键。使用1:5稀释的滴鼻剂（平均t50%(1:5)）使频率降低50%所需的平均时间，含汞化合物或氯丁醇的为0.4小时。然而，含季铵化合物的制剂影响较小，平均t50%(1:5)大于1.22小时。它们更适合使用。用作减充血剂的滴鼻剂，只要用季铵化合物保存，对纤毛运动影响较小（平均t50%(1:5)大于1.38小时）。相比之下，含抗组胺药的滴鼻剂在很大程度上抑制纤毛运动，且几乎与防腐剂无关（平均t50%(1:5)=0.22小时）；相反，含色甘酸的制剂在这方面影响很小（t50%(1:5)大于2小时）。抗菌制剂未添加防腐剂，具有中等程度的纤毛毒性作用（平均t50%(1:5)=0.7小时）。
