Morel G, Chayvialle J A, Kerdelhue B, Dubois P M
Neuroendocrinology. 1982;35(2):86-92. doi: 10.1159/000123360.
Substance P (SP) is known to act on pituitary hormone release either at the hypothalamic level or directly at the pituitary level. In order to investigate whether SP is present in the pituitary gland and to localize the peptide at the cellular and subcellular levels, the immunocytological method was used. Rat pituitaries were fixed and frozen. Ultrathin sections, obtained by cryoultramicrotomy, were incubated with anti-SP serum. The antigen-antibody reaction was detected by 4-chloro-1-naphtol. SP immunoreactivity was observed both in the prolactin and in the gonadotropic cells, but not in the somatotropic, corticotropic and thyrotropic cells. In reactive cells, SP immunoreactivity was observed in the secretory granules, in the cytoplasm, and in the nucleus distributed all over the euchromatin near to the heterochromatin regions. No immunoreactivity was observed when nonimmune serum or anti-SP serum incubated with SP was used. No modification of the immunocytochemical reaction was observed when anti-SP serum incubated with somatostatin, gonado- or thyroliberin was used. These data (1) provide immunocytological evidence for the presence of SP in the pituitary gland; (2) indicate the presence of SP peptide in the gonadotropic and prolactin cells only. They support previous findings indicating that SP could have a direct effect at the pituitary level.
P物质（SP）已知可在下丘脑水平或直接在垂体水平作用于垂体激素释放。为了研究垂体中是否存在SP并在细胞和亚细胞水平定位该肽，采用了免疫细胞学法。将大鼠垂体固定并冷冻。通过冷冻超薄切片术获得的超薄切片与抗SP血清孵育。用4-氯-1-萘酚检测抗原-抗体反应。在催乳素细胞和促性腺细胞中均观察到SP免疫反应性，但在生长激素细胞、促肾上腺皮质激素细胞和促甲状腺激素细胞中未观察到。在反应性细胞中，在分泌颗粒、细胞质以及分布于靠近异染色质区域的常染色质各处的细胞核中均观察到SP免疫反应性。当使用非免疫血清或与SP孵育的抗SP血清时，未观察到免疫反应性。当使用与生长抑素、促性腺激素释放素或促甲状腺激素释放素孵育的抗SP血清时，未观察到免疫细胞化学反应的改变。这些数据（1）为垂体中存在SP提供了免疫细胞学证据；（2）仅表明促性腺细胞和催乳素细胞中存在SP肽。它们支持了先前的研究结果，即SP可能在垂体水平具有直接作用。
