Gill W B, Huffman J L, Lyon E S, Bagley D H, Schoenberg H W, Straus F H
Cancer. 1984 Jun 15;53(12):2724-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19840615)53:12<2724::aid-cncr2820531230>3.0.co;2-b.
Intravesical instillation of methylene blue resulted in selective surface staining of bladder tumors in vivo without staining the background of normal urothelium. Staining of human bladder tumors in vivo was accomplished by the intravesical instillation of 0.1% methylene blue in 0.9% saline through a foley catheter under 20 cm of hydrostatic pressure up to a maximum volume of 400 ml. After 5 minutes contact time, the methylene blue solution was drained, and the bladder was washed with saline. Thereafter, either endoscopic or open surgery was performed. The transitional cell carcinomas in 45 of 48 patients bound methylene blue to the surfaces of the tumors but not to normal urothelium. Higher grade tumors usually bound the dye more extensively than lower grades. The three patients, whose tumors did not bind methylene blue, had received previous chemotherapy, which might account for their being falsely negative. Carcinoma in situ and dysplasia did stain blue. Areas of hyperplasia and cystitis, however, did not bind methylene blue. In vivo intravesical staining with methylene blue has been a simple and safe procedure which has enhanced the endoscopic localization for biopsy and fulguration/resection of transitional cell carcinomas.
膀胱内灌注亚甲蓝可使体内膀胱肿瘤表面出现选择性染色，而正常尿路上皮背景不着色。通过Foley导管在20厘米静水压下向膀胱内灌注0.1%亚甲蓝于0.9%生理盐水中，最大体积达400毫升，从而实现体内人膀胱肿瘤的染色。接触5分钟后，排出亚甲蓝溶液，并用生理盐水冲洗膀胱。此后，进行内镜手术或开放手术。48例患者中有45例的移行细胞癌使肿瘤表面结合亚甲蓝，而正常尿路上皮未结合。高级别肿瘤通常比低级别肿瘤结合染料更广泛。3例肿瘤未结合亚甲蓝的患者曾接受过化疗，这可能是其假阴性的原因。原位癌和发育异常确实染成蓝色。然而，增生和膀胱炎区域未结合亚甲蓝。亚甲蓝体内膀胱染色是一种简单安全的方法，可增强内镜下对移行细胞癌活检及电灼/切除的定位。
