Sissons J G, Oldstone M B
Adv Immunol. 1980;29:209-60. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60045-0.
This chapter describes the effect of antibody on virus-infected cells with special reference to the human system. The destruction by antibody of the infected cells through the mediation of complement is described in detail based in considerable part on the contributions of the authors. Activation of the alternative pathway by the various infected cells is of special interest. The interesting effect of the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) system involving viral antigens in cell killing is also presented. Multiple additional topics are also covered, such as the effect of antibody on the expression of viral proteins both on the surface of the cell and intracellularly. Serum antibody, produced in response to virus infections, is of major importance in preventing the spread of infection by virtue of neutralizing free virus in extracellular fluids. Virus neutralization by antibody is enhanced by complement. Antibody binding to the surface of virus-infected cells can affect virus production and release in the absence of an effector system. Immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody can mediate the destruction of virus-infected cells in conjunction with complement or cytotoxic lymphocytes. In addition, at a conceptual level there is evidence to suggest that antibody may enhance and confer specificity on basic nonspecific humoral and cell-mediated defense mechanisms.
本章特别参照人体系统描述了抗体对病毒感染细胞的作用。基于作者们的大量贡献，详细阐述了抗体通过补体介导对感染细胞的破坏作用。各种感染细胞对替代途径的激活尤其令人关注。还介绍了涉及病毒抗原的抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性（ADCC）系统在细胞杀伤中的有趣作用。此外，还涵盖了多个其他主题，例如抗体对细胞表面和细胞内病毒蛋白表达的影响。针对病毒感染产生的血清抗体，通过中和细胞外液中的游离病毒，在预防感染传播方面具有重要意义。补体可增强抗体对病毒的中和作用。在没有效应系统的情况下，抗体与病毒感染细胞表面的结合可影响病毒的产生和释放。免疫球蛋白（IgG）抗体可与补体或细胞毒性淋巴细胞共同介导病毒感染细胞的破坏。此外，从概念层面来看，有证据表明抗体可能增强基本的非特异性体液和细胞介导的防御机制并赋予其特异性。
