Winkelmann R K
Arch Dermatol. 1981 Oct;117(10):667-72.
The bone marrow and blood monocytes are precursor cells to the macrophage-histiocyte, the Langerhans cell, the indeterminate cell, the interdigitating cell, and the dendritic cell in the thymus, lymph node, and skin. While there are many histologic and functional similarities in these cell types, some differences do occur. A notable difference is the minimal phagocytosis by the Langerhans cell and the histiocytosis X cell. Non-X histiocytosis is represented by a series of cutaneous disease patterns characterized by localized, nonaggressive, histioxanthomatous skin and mucous membrane lesions, with a tendency to self-heal, Eruptive histiocytoma, juvenile xanthogranuloma, reticulohistiocytoma cutis, papular xanthoma, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with paraproteinemia, and xanthoma disseminatum are cutaneous patterns of non-X histiocytosis that suggest the possibility of at least two patterns of peripheral macrophage differentiation and pathologic change.
骨髓和血液单核细胞是巨噬细胞-组织细胞、朗格汉斯细胞、未定型细胞、交错突细胞以及胸腺、淋巴结和皮肤中树突状细胞的前体细胞。虽然这些细胞类型在组织学和功能上有许多相似之处，但也存在一些差异。一个显著的差异是朗格汉斯细胞和组织细胞增多症X细胞的吞噬作用极小。非X组织细胞增多症表现为一系列皮肤疾病模式，其特征为局限性、非侵袭性、组织细胞性黄瘤性皮肤和黏膜病变，有自愈倾向，发疹性组织细胞瘤、幼年性黄色肉芽肿、皮肤网状组织细胞瘤、丘疹性黄瘤、伴副蛋白血症的渐进性坏死性黄瘤以及播散性黄瘤是非X组织细胞增多症的皮肤模式，提示至少存在两种外周巨噬细胞分化和病理变化模式的可能性。
