基于线粒体DNA限制性酶切图谱的小家鼠五个亚种间的进化关系。
Evolutionary relationships among five subspecies of Mus musculus based on restriction enzyme cleavage patterns of mitochondrial DNA.
作者信息
Yonekawa H, Moriwaki K, Gotoh O, Hayashi J I, Watanabe J, Miyashita N, Petras M L, Tagashira Y
出版信息
Genetics. 1981 Aug;98(4):801-16. doi: 10.1093/genetics/98.4.801.
The intra- and intersubspecific genetic distances between five subspecies of Mus musculus were estimated from restriction enzyme cleavage patterns of maps of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The European subspecies, M. m. domesticus and Asian subspecies, M. m. bactrianus, M. m. castaneus, M. m. molossinus and M. m. urbanus were examined. For each subspecies, except M. m. urbanus, at least two local races from widely separated localities were examined. Intrasubspecific heterogeneity was found in the mtDNA cleavage patterns of M. m. bactrianus and M. m. castaneus. M. m. molossinus and M. m. domesticus, however, revealed no intrasubspecific heterogeneity. Four of the subspecies had distinct cleavage patterns. The fifth, M. m. urbanus, had cleavage patterns identical to those of M. m. castaneus with several enzymes. Estimates of genetic distances between the various races and subspecies were obtained by comparing cleavage maps of the mtDNAs with various restriction enzymes. Nucleotide sequence divergences of mtDNA between local races were estimated to be less than 0.4% in M. m. bactrianus and less than 0.3% in M. m. castaneus. The times of divergence of both subspecies were calculated to be 0.1--0.2 x 10(6) years. These values suggest that the intrasubspecific divergence began some 0.1--0.2 x 10(6) years ago. On the other hand, nucleotide sequence divergences between European subspecies M. m. domesticus and Asian subspecies M. m. bactrianus and M. m. castaneus were 7.1% ane 5.8%, respectively. The times of divergence were calculated to be 2.1--2.6 x 10(6) years. Further, the nucleotide sequence divergence and time of divergence between M. m. molossinus and the other two Asian subspecies were comparable to those between M. m. molossinus and M. m. domesticus (about 3% and 1 x 10(6) years, respectively). These results suggest that M. m. molossinus is situated in a unique evolutionary position among Asian subspecies.
通过线粒体DNA（mtDNA）图谱的限制性酶切模式，估算了小家鼠五个亚种内和亚种间的遗传距离。研究了欧洲亚种小家鼠以及亚洲亚种印度小家鼠、栗色小家鼠、日本小家鼠和缅甸小家鼠。对于每个亚种，除了缅甸小家鼠，至少检测了来自相距甚远地区的两个地方种群。在印度小家鼠和栗色小家鼠的mtDNA酶切模式中发现了亚种内的异质性。然而，日本小家鼠和小家鼠未显示出亚种内的异质性。其中四个亚种具有独特的酶切模式。第五个亚种缅甸小家鼠，在几种酶的作用下，其酶切模式与栗色小家鼠相同。通过比较不同限制性酶作用下mtDNA的酶切图谱，获得了各个种群和亚种之间的遗传距离估计值。印度小家鼠地方种群间mtDNA的核苷酸序列差异估计小于0.4%，栗色小家鼠地方种群间小于0.3%。这两个亚种的分化时间计算为0.1 - 0.2×10⁶年。这些数值表明亚种内的分化大约始于0.1 - 0.2×10⁶年前。另一方面，欧洲亚种小家鼠与亚洲亚种印度小家鼠和栗色小家鼠之间的核苷酸序列差异分别为7.1%和5.8%。分化时间计算为2.1 - 2.6×10⁶年。此外，日本小家鼠与其他两个亚洲亚种之间的核苷酸序列差异和分化时间与日本小家鼠和小家鼠之间的差异相当（分别约为3%和1×10⁶年）。这些结果表明，日本小家鼠在亚洲亚种中处于独特的进化位置。
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