Rusiniak K W, Palmerino C C, Rice A G, Forthman D L, Garcia J
J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1982 Aug;96(4):527-39. doi: 10.1037/h0077902.
Potentiation of odor by taste in rats was tested in a variety of situations. In three experiments, almond odor and saccharin taste were presented either as a single conditioned stimulus (CS) or as a compound CS and followed by either toxic lithium chloride or footshock. Extinction tests with the almond and saccharin components were then given. In single CS-toxin experiments, taste was more effective than odor, and after compound conditioning, the taste component potentiated the odor component. Conversely, in single CS-shock experiments, odor was more effective than taste, and after compound conditioning, no potentiation was observed. Rather, interference effects were observed. In Experiments 1 and 2, the addition of taste disrupted odor CS-shock conditioning, and in Experiment 3, odor interfered with taste CS-shock conditioning. Visceral feedback is apparently a necessary unconditioned stimulus for the potentiation of odor by taste. These data support the neural convergence and gating hypothesis of flavor aversion conditioning.
在各种情况下对大鼠味觉增强气味的现象进行了测试。在三个实验中，杏仁气味和糖精味道分别作为单一条件刺激（CS）或复合CS呈现，随后给予有毒的氯化锂或足部电击。然后对杏仁和糖精成分进行消退测试。在单一CS-毒素实验中，味觉比气味更有效，复合条件作用后，味觉成分增强了气味成分。相反，在单一CS-电击实验中，气味比味觉更有效，复合条件作用后，未观察到增强作用。相反，观察到了干扰效应。在实验1和2中，添加味觉干扰了气味CS-电击条件作用，在实验3中，气味干扰了味觉CS-电击条件作用。内脏反馈显然是味觉增强气味的必要非条件刺激。这些数据支持了味觉厌恶条件作用的神经会聚和门控假说。
