Steele R W, Coleman M A, Fiser M, Bradsher R W
Pediatrics. 1982 Oct;70(4):604-8.
An outbreak of chickenpox, involving three patients and one nurse on a pediatric ward, necessitated rapid identification of susceptible employees in conjunction with standard epidemiologic intervention in order to prevent spread to other high-risk patients. Of 46 hospital personnel 15 (33%) gave a negative or unknown history of prior disease. Response to a varicella-zoster skin test was compared with antibody determination as measured by fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen. Correlation of these two screening methods was absolute. Of 46 hospital personnel four (9%) were susceptible to infection (negative skin test and antibody less than 1:4) requiring their removal from the ward. All those with positive histories for prior disease with the virus and 11/15 (73%) with negative or unknown histories were immune as indicated by both tests. A readily available varicella zoster skin test would be an extremely useful epidemiologic tool for screening hospital personnel.
一家儿科病房爆发水痘疫情，涉及三名患者和一名护士，因此需要迅速识别易感员工，并采取标准的流行病学干预措施，以防止疫情传播给其他高危患者。在46名医院工作人员中，15人（33%）既往疾病史为阴性或不明。将水痘-带状疱疹皮肤试验的结果与通过荧光抗体检测膜抗原测定的抗体结果进行了比较。这两种筛查方法的相关性是完全一致的。46名医院工作人员中有4人（9%）对感染易感（皮肤试验阴性且抗体小于1:4），需要将他们调离病房。所有既往有该病毒疾病史阳性的人员以及15人中的11人（73%）既往疾病史为阴性或不明的人员，两项检测均表明具有免疫力。一种易于获得的水痘-带状疱疹皮肤试验将是筛查医院工作人员的极其有用的流行病学工具。
