Cytomegalovirus viremia detected by molecular hybridization and electron microscopy.

Fatal cytomegalovirus interstitial pneumonitis developed in a patient with chronic leukemia. The diagnosis was suspected on the basis of cytologic examination of bronchial washings. The virus was subsequently recovered from saliva, urine, and blood leukocytes after 8, 9, and 18 days in culture respectively. Premortem cytomegalovirus DNA was found by molecular hybridization methods using a complete viral genome probe in blood leukocytes after 4 hours' reaction time. Electron microscopic examination showed herpes-like virions consistent with cytomegalovirus in 3% of the patient's granulocytes. Thus, DNA:DNA hybridization and ultrastructural methods can be used for rapid diagnosis of disseminated cytomegalovirus infection.