Mesulam M M, Mufson E J, Wainer B H, Levey A I
Neuroscience. 1983 Dec;10(4):1185-201. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90108-2.
Monoclonal antibodies to choline acetyltransferase and a histochemical method for the concurrent demonstration of acetylcholinesterase and horseradish peroxidase were used to investigate the organization of ascending cholinergic pathways in the central nervous system of the rat. The cortical mantle, the amygdaloid complex, the hippocampal formation, the olfactory bulb and the thalamic nuclei receive their cholinergic innervation principally, from cholinergic projection neurons of the basal forebrain and upper brainstem. On the basis of connectivity patterns, we subdivided these cholinergic neurons into six major sectors. The Ch1 and Ch2 sectors are contained within the medial septal nucleus and the vertical limb nucleus of the diagonal band, respectively. They provide the major cholinergic projections of the hippocampus. The Ch3 sector is contained mostly within the lateral portion of the horizontal limb nucleus of the diagonal band and provides the major cholinergic innervation to the olfactory bulb. The Ch4 sector includes cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis, and also within parts of the diagonal band nuclei. Neurons of the Ch4 sector provide the major cholinergic innervation of the cortical mantle and the amygdala. The Ch5-Ch6 sectors are contained mostly within the pedunculopontine nucleus of the pontomesencephalic reticular formation (Ch5) and within the laterodorsal tegmental gray of the periventricular area (Ch6). These sectors provide the major cholinergic innervation of the thalamus. The Ch5-Ch6 neurons also provide a minor component of the corticopetal cholinergic innervation. These central cholinergic pathways have been implicated in a variety of behaviors and especially in memory function. It appears that the age-related changes of memory function as well as some of the behavioral disturbances seen in the dementia of Alzheimer's Disease may be related to pathological alterations along central cholinergic pathways.
采用抗胆碱乙酰转移酶单克隆抗体以及同时显示乙酰胆碱酯酶和辣根过氧化物酶的组织化学方法，对大鼠中枢神经系统中胆碱能上行通路的组织结构进行了研究。大脑皮质、杏仁复合体、海马结构、嗅球和丘脑核主要接受来自基底前脑和脑桥上段胆碱能投射神经元的胆碱能神经支配。根据连接模式，我们将这些胆碱能神经元细分为六个主要部分。Ch1和Ch2部分分别位于内侧隔核和斜角带垂直支核内。它们提供海马的主要胆碱能投射。Ch3部分主要位于斜角带水平支核的外侧部分，为嗅球提供主要的胆碱能神经支配。Ch4部分包括基底核以及斜角带核部分区域内的胆碱能神经元。Ch4部分的神经元为大脑皮质和杏仁核提供主要的胆碱能神经支配。Ch5 - Ch6部分主要位于脑桥中脑网状结构的脚桥核（Ch5）和脑室周围区域的背外侧被盖灰质（Ch6）内。这些部分为丘脑提供主要的胆碱能神经支配。Ch5 - Ch6神经元也提供皮质向心性胆碱能神经支配的一小部分。这些中枢胆碱能通路与多种行为有关，尤其是与记忆功能有关。似乎记忆功能的年龄相关变化以及在阿尔茨海默病痴呆中出现的一些行为障碍可能与中枢胆碱能通路的病理改变有关。
