Harris D T
Semin Oncol. 1983 Dec;10(4):422-30.
At best, hormonal treatment gives a small proportion of objective responses in patients treated; most commonly the responses are incomplete and of short duration. In practice, treatment with a progestational agent, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate, is often used because of minimal production of unwanted side effects and lack of more effective therapy. Single-agent chemotherapy appears to add little in terms of tumor response, although a small fraction of patients will have favorable responses to single agents such as vinblastine. Combination chemotherapy may give a slightly higher response rate according to results reported in several small series, but there is a considerable increase in toxicity, and, as yet, no clearly definable improvement in patient survival. Further studies are needed to explore the roles of new agents, new drug combinations, and perhaps interactions of modalities such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and immunotherapy. Methods of in vitro testing or testing in the nude mouse or a similar model could provide ways to obtain information in this regard more quickly and without undue exposure of the patient to ineffective and potentially toxic therapy.
激素治疗充其量只能使一小部分接受治疗的患者产生客观反应；最常见的情况是反应不完全且持续时间短。在实际应用中，由于副作用极小且缺乏更有效的治疗方法，常使用孕激素类药物进行治疗，如醋酸甲羟孕酮。单药化疗在肿瘤反应方面似乎作用不大，尽管一小部分患者对长春碱等单药会有良好反应。根据几个小系列报道的结果，联合化疗可能会有稍高的反应率，但毒性会显著增加，而且目前患者生存率尚无明确可定义的改善。需要进一步研究来探索新药物、新的药物组合以及化疗、激素治疗和免疫治疗等治疗方式之间可能的相互作用。体外测试方法或在裸鼠或类似模型中进行测试可以提供更快获取这方面信息的途径，同时避免让患者过度接受无效且可能有毒的治疗。
