Michaels J E, Tornheim P A
Cell Tissue Res. 1984;236(3):693-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00217240.
In the bullfrog, the meninges surrounding the central nervous system include an arachnoid mater that contains layers of cells with abundant intermediate filaments (IFs) having unique organizational characteristics. This membrane contains an inner lamina of cells that resemble fibroblasts and an outer lamina of flattened cells that are almost filled with IFs. The IFs of the outer arachnoid are arranged in compact, arching bundles that lie parallel to the outer surface of the central nervous system. Thus, sections cut tangentially to the membrane reveal bending of filament bundles, whereas transverse sections do not. In some cells bordering the subdural space, bundles of filaments are organized into highly-ordered spiral arrays. Attachments to the numerous desmosomes and, apparently, to the nuclear envelope suggest anchoring of cytoplasmic structures by the IF system. Microtubules occur primarily near the plasma membrane and the nucleus. Numerous caveolae also are associated with the plasma membrane. The unusual abundance, organization, and cytoplasmic relations of IFs in the bullfrog arachnoid suggest that this membrane may serve as an important model for study of fundamental cytoskeletal relations and function.
在牛蛙中，围绕中枢神经系统的脑膜包括蛛网膜，蛛网膜含有多层细胞，这些细胞具有丰富的中间丝（IFs），且具有独特的组织特征。该膜包含一层类似成纤维细胞的内层细胞和一层几乎充满IFs的扁平细胞外层。蛛网膜外层的IFs排列成紧密的、呈拱形的束状，这些束状结构与中枢神经系统的外表面平行。因此，与膜相切方向切割的切片会显示丝束的弯曲，而横切片则不会。在一些与硬膜下间隙相邻的细胞中，丝束被组织成高度有序的螺旋阵列。与众多桥粒以及显然与核膜的附着表明，IF系统对细胞质结构起到了锚定作用。微管主要出现在质膜和细胞核附近。大量小窝也与质膜相关。牛蛙蛛网膜中IFs的异常丰富、组织形式以及细胞质关系表明，该膜可能是研究基本细胞骨架关系和功能的重要模型。
