Bennink J R, Yewdell J W, Smith G L, Moller C, Moss B
Nature. 1984;311(5986):578-9. doi: 10.1038/311578a0.
The ability of vaccinia virus to accept and express cloned genes encoding immunologically important proteins of unrelated viruses and malarial parasites has suggested a novel approach to the development of live vaccines. Vaccinia virus recombinants retain infectivity and stimulate synthesis of specific antibodies to the cloned gene products in vaccinated animals. Moreover, animals inoculated with recombinants expressing the influenza virus haemagglutinin (HA), the hepatitis B virus surface antigen, and type 1 herpesvirus glycoprotein D were protected against subsequent challenge with the corresponding virus. For maximal effectiveness, vaccines should produce cellular as well as humoral immunity. We now report that a vaccinia virus recombinant, expressing the influenza HA, primes and stimulates a specific murine cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. Histocompatible cells infected with this recombinant also serve as targets for CTLs. These properties make vaccinia virus a unique tool for studying cell-mediated immunity and enhance the attractiveness of this vector for production of live vaccines.
痘苗病毒接受并表达编码无关病毒和疟原虫免疫重要蛋白的克隆基因的能力，提示了一种开发活疫苗的新方法。痘苗病毒重组体保留感染性，并在接种动物中刺激针对克隆基因产物的特异性抗体的合成。此外，接种表达流感病毒血凝素（HA）、乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原和1型疱疹病毒糖蛋白D的重组体的动物，可免受相应病毒的后续攻击。为了达到最大效果，疫苗应产生细胞免疫和体液免疫。我们现在报告，一种表达流感HA的痘苗病毒重组体引发并刺激了特异性小鼠细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）反应。感染这种重组体的组织相容性细胞也作为CTL的靶标。这些特性使痘苗病毒成为研究细胞介导免疫的独特工具，并增强了这种载体用于生产活疫苗的吸引力。
